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Ben Gadd fonds
https://archives.whyte.org/en/permalink/descriptions55758
- Part Of
- Ben Gadd fonds
- Scope & Content
- Fonds consists of materials pertaining to Ben Gadd's personal life and career as an environmental researcher, educator, interpretive guide, publisher, public speaker and author, ca.1956-2018. Fonds includes maps, research materials, publication notes/drafts, correspondence, contracts, photographs, …
- Date Range
- 1956-2018
- Reference Code
- M590 / V810 / S61
- Description Level
- 1 / Fonds
- GMD
- Digital image
- Drawing
- Negative
- Newspaper clipping
- Photograph
- Photograph print
- Postcard
- Published record
- Textual record
- Video
- Transparency
- Part Of
- Ben Gadd fonds
- Description Level
- 1 / Fonds
- Fonds Number
- M590
- V810
- Sous-Fonds
- M590
- V810
- Accession Number
- 2021.20
- 2024.01
- Reference Code
- M590 / V810 / S61
- GMD
- Digital image
- Drawing
- Negative
- Newspaper clipping
- Photograph
- Photograph print
- Postcard
- Published record
- Textual record
- Video
- Transparency
- Date Range
- 1956-2018
- Physical Description
- ca. 7.9 metres of textual records -- ca. 274 maps -- 29 VHS tapes -- ca.15 discs with digital files -- 21 cassettes -- photographs -- oversized materials -- USB stick with 15 sldeshows
- History / Biographical
- Ben Gadd (1946-) is a retired naturalist, guide, geologist, instructor, freelance writer and award-winning author based in the Canadian Rockies. Ben was born in Colorado Springs, Colorado in 1946. He met his wife, Cia (Langdon) Gadd at Colorado College in 1965, and the couple married four weeks later. Ben and Cia had two sons, Will and Toby. Ben and his family relocated to Jasper in the late 1960s. Ben later attended the University of Lethbridge and graduated with a Bachelor's degree in Earth Science in 1972. Between 1976 and 1980, Ben taught classes at Mount Royal College and the Southern Alberta Institute of Technology; he later taught additional classes at Grant MacEwan College and Lakeland College. From 1981, Ben also worked as a seasonal naturalist/guide for Parks Canada. Ben left Parks Canada in 1985 to start an independent naturalist guiding business with Cia based in Jasper and other parts of the Canadian Rockies, which the couple continued to operate for over two decades. Ben published his best-known work, "Handbook of the Canadian Rockies", through his publishing company Corax Press in 1986. The second edition of "Handbook of the Canadian Rockies" received multiple awards after its release in 1995. Ben's fiction book, "Raven's End" won the title of Best Canadian Rockies Book at the Banff Mountain Film and Book Festival in 2001 and became a Canadian bestseller. Overall, Ben has authored or co-authored 11 books and received nearly one dozen awards for his achievements as a writer, researcher and guide. Ben continued to lead guided hikes and school programs until his retirement in 2016.
- Scope & Content
- Fonds consists of materials pertaining to Ben Gadd's personal life and career as an environmental researcher, educator, interpretive guide, publisher, public speaker and author, ca.1956-2018. Fonds includes maps, research materials, publication notes/drafts, correspondence, contracts, photographs, video and sound recordings, and other related material. Materials donated in 2024 include one USB stick containing
- Notes
- Ben Gadd fonds arrangement: Series I : Personal records - Subseries A : Travel guides and maps - Subseries B : Education and early writings - Subseries C : Personal interest files - Subseries D : Other personal and collected Series II : Research and publication records - Subseries A : Handbook of the Canadian Rockies - Subseries B : Other publications Series III : Professional records - Subseries A : Parks Canada Records - Subseries B : Interpretive guiding - Subseries C : Teaching records - Subseries D : Other contracts and projects Series IV : Legal and financial records - Subseries A : Legal records - Subseries B : Financial records
- Subject Access
- Education
- Research
- Publication
- Environment
- Geology
- Tourism
- Family and personal life
- Personal and Professional Life
- Academics
- Guiding
- Guides
- Businesses
- Finances
- Conservation
- Wildlife
- Natural history
- Sports and recreation
- Geographic Access
- Canada
- Alberta
- Jasper National Park
- Banff National Park
- Yoho National Park
- Kootenay National Park
- Lethbridge
- United States of America
- Colorado
- Canadian Rocky Mountains
- Reproduction Restrictions
- Copyright restrictions apply
- Language
- English
- French
- Dutch
- Title Source
- Title based on contents of fonds
- Processing Status
- Processed / Unprocessed
This material is presented as originally created; it may contain outdated cultural descriptions and
potentially offensive content.
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Byron Harmon fonds
https://archives.whyte.org/en/permalink/descriptions208
- Part Of
- Byron Harmon fonds
- Scope & Content
- Fonds consists of the photographic records and sample materials of Byron Harmon Photos, the photographic business of Byron Harmon and his successors; as well as the personal photographs of Byron Harmon. I. Scenic / commercial, 1907-1975, ca.7600 items. Primary component of series is film and glass…
- Date Range
- [ca.1890-ca.1975]
- Reference Code
- V263
- Description Level
- 1 / Fonds
- GMD
- Motion picture
- Film
- Photograph
- Negative
- Photograph print
- Postcard
- Transparency
- Textual record
- Published record
- Part Of
- Byron Harmon fonds
- Description Level
- 1 / Fonds
- Fonds Number
- V 263
- Sous-Fonds
- V 263
- Accession Number
- 235, 980, 1549, 1622, 2588, 2656, 2770, 2792, 2895, 3005, 3394, 3423, 3657, 3807, 3824, 3859, 3988, 4028, 4076, 5052, 5181, 5205, 5254, 5381, 6070, 6127, 6587, 6602
- Reference Code
- V263
- GMD
- Motion picture
- Film
- Photograph
- Negative
- Photograph print
- Postcard
- Transparency
- Textual record
- Published record
- Other Title Info
- Also known as the Byron Harmon Photos fonds.
- Date Range
- [ca.1890-ca.1975]
- Physical Description
- ca.10,500 photographs (and ca.35 cm) : prints, postcards, negatives, transparencies, motion pictures, sample products
- History / Biographical
- Byron Hill Harmon, 1876-1942, was a professional photographer and businessman at Banff, Alberta, Canada. He was born near Tacoma, Washington, USA and operated a portrait studio there for a time. In 1903, while travelling around the United States and Canada as an itinerant photographer, he decided to settle in Banff and by 1907 had produced enough mountain views to begin selling a line of postcards. Between 1906 and 1913, Harmon was official photographer for the Alpine Club of Canada and made trips in numerous mountain areas, such as the Bugaboos (1910) and Mount Robson (1911, 1913). Harmon personally financed trips into other areas, such as Tonquin Valley (1918) and Lake of the Hanging Glaciers (1920, 1922), producing both still photographs and motion pictures for commercial sale. After his last major expedition in 1924 across Saskatchewan Glacier, through to Maligne Lake and back to Banff by packtrain, Harmon devoted most of his time to photographing scenes along the railway, skiing in the Assiniboine and Skoki regions, and the annual rides and hikes of the Trail Riders of the Canadian Rockies and the Sky Line Trail Hikers of the Canadian Rockies. At the same time he managed several businesses, including a drug store, fountain lunch, theatre and book store. In his later years, Harmon spent much time travelling and photographing in other parts of the world. The business, Byron Harmon Photos, was managed successively by his son, Don Harmon, then his grand-daughter, Carole Harmon.
- Scope & Content
- Fonds consists of the photographic records and sample materials of Byron Harmon Photos, the photographic business of Byron Harmon and his successors; as well as the personal photographs of Byron Harmon.
- I. Scenic / commercial, 1907-1975, ca.7600 items. Primary component of series is film and glass negatives, 1907-1942, ca.6500 items. Also includes: postcard negatives and positives and production negatives to ca.1955; original prints; a wide range of sample products, such as postcards, enlargements and framing prints, calendars and viewbooks, mainly by Harmon business, some by other photographers; and lantern slides, ca.1913-192-, pertaining to Columbia Icefield Expedition, mountaineering, mountain landscapes, Indians, wildlife, Canadian Pacific Railway and Asian travel. Scenic / commercial series pertains to annual camps and expeditions of the Alpine Club of Canada in the Canadian Rockies and Selkirks, 1907-1913; private movie-making expeditions in the Canadian Rockies and Selkirks; mountain scenic views, primarily for postcard purposes; Banff events and development; skiing; birds and animals. Includes some material by Don Harmon and Lloyd Harmon, sons of Byron Harmon.
- II. Personal, 189- to 194-, ca.370 items. Includes: family photographs and views received from others; motion picture out-takes pertaining to world travels, 1930s; and 35 mm. transparencies, ca.1940, pertaining mainly to world travels, also mountain and prairie scenics.
- Notes
- For more information on the Byron Harmon photographs, see "Great Days in the Rockies: The Photographs of Byron Harmon, 1906-1934" (Toronto: Oxford University Press, 1978) or "Byron Harmon, Mountain Photographer" by Carole Harmon and Bart Robinson (Banff: Altitude Publishing, 1992)
- Name Access
- Harmon, Byron
- Subject Access
- Arts
- Environment
- Exploration, discovery and travel
- Family and personal life
- Sports, recreation and leisure
- Access Restrictions
- Some restrictions on access to originals
- Copyright, privacy, commercial use and other restrictions may apply
- Language
- Language is English
- Finding Aid
- Finding aids and reference tools: series description
- selected modern reference prints
- digital images in Images database and in Alberta InSight database
- Related Material
- Byron Harmon postcards can also be found in the Postcard general file (V466)
- Creator
- Harmon, Byron
- Category
- Arts
- Environment
- Exploration, discovery and travel
- Family and personal life
- Sports, recreation and leisure
- Title Source
- Title based on accession records and contents of fonds
- Processing Status
- Processed
This material is presented as originally created; it may contain outdated cultural descriptions and
potentially offensive content.
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Kidney family fonds
https://archives.whyte.org/en/permalink/descriptions260
- Part Of
- Kidney family fonds
- Scope & Content
- Fonds consists of personal, professional and legal documents and photographs pertaining to Maud and Forest Kidney, Jack MacAulay, Kidney and Woodworth family members, friends and the Banff community. Items are organized by subject and date ranges. Fonds consists of six series: Series I - Maud (Wo…
- Date Range
- 1886 - 2013
- Reference Code
- M74 / V324
- Description Level
- 1 / Fonds
- GMD
- Photograph
- Negative
- Photograph print
- Postcard
- Textual record
- Corporate record
- Private record
- Published record
- Part Of
- Kidney family fonds
- Description Level
- 1 / Fonds
- Fonds Number
- M74 / V324
- Sous-Fonds
- M74
- V324
- Accession Number
- 452
- 629
- 798
- 929
- 1843
- 2143
- 2177
- 2275
- 2780
- 2983
- 3109
- 2016.8581
- Reference Code
- M74 / V324
- GMD
- Photograph
- Negative
- Photograph print
- Postcard
- Textual record
- Corporate record
- Private record
- Published record
- Date Range
- 1886 - 2013
- Physical Description
- 66 cm of textual records -- ca. 963 photographs : 870 prints, 62 postcards, 30 negatives, 1 tintype (31.5 x 37 cm or smaller) -- 7 photograph albums (26 x 33.5 cm or smaller)
- History / Biographical
- Ella Maud [Woodworth] Kidney (1894-1977) was born in Banff as the fourth of 11 siblings. Her parents were Benjamin Woodworth and Elizabeth [McIntire] Woodworth. Growing up, Maud worked briefly for the Alberta Hotel and the Bottling Works company in Banff. Maud was married to John A. MacAulay in 1917, and widowed later that year. Her twin sons, John A. [Jack] and Thomas A. [Ted] MacAulay, were born in 1918. Maud married Forest H. "Pop" Kidney (1889-1979) on February 14, 1923, and the new family settled into the Kidney home on Wolf and Muskrat Street. The Kidney residence was originally located in Bankhead, but was moved to Banff and sold following the town's closure in 1922. Maud and Forest operated several local businesses including Banff Grocery, Quaker Coffee Shop, Pop's Bakery and Kidney Kabins. The Kidneys were also active in community affairs throughout their lives. Maud Kidney was a long-time member of the Girls' Sunshine Flower Club in Banff [and the club's president for over a decade spanning across the 1940's], as well as the Imperial Order Daughters of the Empire [I.O.D.E.] and Rebekah Lodge, and she was matron of the Order of the Eastern Star in Banff in 1950. Forest Kidney was involved in the Banff Shriners Club, the Kiwanis Club, the Independent Order of Oddfellows and the Canadian Restaurants Association [CRA], among other groups; in the early 1960's, Forest also served as the President of the Calgary branch of the CRA. Jack and Ted MacAulay grew up together in Banff, where they were involved in Banff's Boy Scouts program and local hockey teams. Jack in particular was an avid hockey player, until an accident in 1940 caused damage to his right eye which kept him from competing. From 1943 to 1945, Jack worked for Boeing Aircraft of Canada Ltd., and in 1946 he was appointed as the Chief Inspector of War Assets for Alberta and the Yukon Territories. Jack married Karin Wallensteen in 1946, and the couple had 6 children together: sons Herb and John, and daughters Karen, Shelley, Jodi and Julie-Ann. Jack served as a coach for the Banff Minor Hockey League for 46 years. Jack also took on several other positions within the Bow Valley community, including working as a volunteer with the Banff Figure Skating Club, a co-founder of the Banff Recreation Board, and a member of the Banff Advisory Council, the Banff Hospital Board and the Banff School Board.
- Scope & Content
- Fonds consists of personal, professional and legal documents and photographs pertaining to Maud and Forest Kidney, Jack MacAulay, Kidney and Woodworth family members, friends and the Banff community. Items are organized by subject and date ranges. Fonds consists of six series: Series I - Maud (Woodworth) Kidney records: contains 3 sub-series [ A) 1894 - 1920, B) 1921 - 1950, C) 1951 - 1977 ] Series II - Forest Kidney records: contains 3 sub-series [ A) 1889 - 1920, B) 1921 - 1950, C) 1951 - 2008 ] Series III - Jack MacAulay records: contains 3 sub-series [A) 1920 - 1945, B) 1946 - 1980, C) 1981 - 2000 ] Series IV - Family, friends and community records: contains 5 sub-series [ A) 1886 - 1920, B) 1921 - 1945, C) 1946 - 1970, D) 1970 - 2013, E) Maude Kidney Collection ] Series V - Legal and business records : contains 3 sub-series [ A) 1894 - 1920, B) 1921 - 1950, C) 1951 - 1980 ] Series VI - Collected materials Series I content pertains to Maud Woodworth Kidney. Includes scrapbooks, photographs of Maud and her siblings and parents, trips to Calgary and local activities with family and friends, Maud working for the Alberta Hotel and the Banff Bottling Factory [ca. 1905 - 1915], and local clubs and societies which Maud was involved in between 1930 - 1977 including the Girls' Sunshine Flower Club, the Imperial Order of the Daughters of the Empire, the Senior Friends Club of Banff, Rebekah Lodge and the Order of the Eastern Star. Series II content pertains to Forest Kidney during his World War I military service in Petawawa, Ontario; swimming with friends at the Cave and Basin and other social activities; travelling with family; local newspaper clippings noting Forest's achievements and community involvement; and Forest participating in events as a member of the Banff Shriners Club and the Canadian Restaurant Association. Series III content pertains to Jack MacAulay at the Kidney family home with his twin brother, Ted; coaching for the Banff Minor Hockey League; participating in other community meetings and programs; personal, professional and medical correspondence [1940 - 1992]; Jack's wife, Karin MacAulay, and their children; and Jack's awards and achievements. Series IV content pertains to extended family and friends of the Kidneys and the wider Banff community. Includes sports and outdoor activities [including swimming, hiking, trail riding, camping, snowshoeing, skiing, and track and field]; early Banff [including businesses, Banff Elementary School and Banff High School, the Woodworth family residence, and construction of the Icefields Parkway]; family friends of the Woodworths and Kidneys [including the Brett family, the Stafford family and the Simpson family]; personal correspondence pertaining to Fred "Ty" Cobb (1931 - 1933); clubs and societies [including the Independent Order of Oddfellows, the Senior Friends Club, and the Order of the Eastern Star]; community events [including dances, meetings, dinners and award ceremonies]; weddings and anniversaries; a visit to Num-Ti-Jah Lodge in 1964; and biographical and genealogical information about Maud Kidney, Forest Kidney and the Woodworth family. Series V content pertains to businesses owned and operated by the Kidney family [ca. 1930 - 1970], including Kidney Kabins, Quaker Coffee Shop and Pop's Bakery; mortgage agreements and property contracts; and government documents. Includes receipts, log books and financial records, photographs of Kidney Kabins and Quaker Coffee Shop, and receipts for land purchased by Forest Kidney, George Noble and others. Series VI contains commercial postcards collected by the Kidney family. Postcards mostly produced by Byron Harmon, and some by G & W Fear and other photographers, and mostly pertain to Banff and the surrounding area [winter sports, wildlife, Banff Zoo, Banff Avenue, scenic views and mountain landscapes, etc].
- Notes
- Contains duplicate photographs
- Duplicate commercial postcards have been kept in separate folder within file box containing other commercial postcards [V324 / IV / E / PG - 1 to 20 and V324 / VI / PG - 1 to 42]
- Sub-series IV / E : Maude Kidney Collection was donated with existing numbering system [Items 1 to 47] prior to processing; original order and corresponding annotations have been transferred to database entries from original handwritten notes
- Name Access
- Cobb, Fred (Ty)
- Kidney, Forest H. (Pop)
- Kidney, Maude
- MacAulay, Jack
- MacAulay, Karin
- MacAulay, Ted
- MacAulay, Herb
- MacAulay, Julie-Ann
- Simpson, Jimmy, Sr.
- Simpson, Billie
- Woodworth, Adelia
- Woodworth, Annie
- Woodworth, Ben
- Woodworth, Benjamin Frederick
- Woodworth, Elizabeth
- Woodworth, Ethel
- Woodworth, Fred
- Woodworth, Percy
- Woodworth, Joe
- Woodworth, Maude
- Brett, Robert G.
- Harmon, Byron
- LaCasse, Annie
- LaCasse, Ulysses
- Canadian Restaurant Association
- Subject Access
- Businesses
- Property
- Family and personal life
- Imperial Order Daughters of the Empire
- Independent Order of Oddfellows
- Girls Flower Club Banff
- Rebekah Assembly Banff Lodge No. 34
- Quaker Coffee Shop
- Kidney Kabins
- Travel
- World War I
- Military
- Community events
- Club
- Sports
- Winter sports
- Landscapes
- Wildlife
- Num-Ti-Jah Lodge
- Banff Jasper Highway
- Banff High School
- Genealogy
- Geographic Access
- Canada
- Alberta
- Banff
- Canmore
- Cave and Basin
- Bankhead
- Calgary
- Lake Louise
- Ontario
- Quebec
- British Columbia
- Access Restrictions
- Some restriction/s on access
- Copyright, privacy, commercial use and other restrictions may apply
- Reproduction Restrictions
- Copyright and other restrictions may apply
- Language
- English
- Finding Aid
- Finding aids and reference tools: basic description
- Related Material
- Woodworth family fonds [M286 / V628]
- Category
- Family and personal life
- Commerce and industry
- Environment
- Labour
- Land, settlement and immigration
- Law and justice
- Military
- Natural resources
- Sports, recreation and leisure
- Biographical Source Notes
- Woodworth family fonds entry
- Most information based on contents of fonds
- Title Source
- Title based on contents of fonds
- Processing Status
- Processed
This material is presented as originally created; it may contain outdated cultural descriptions and
potentially offensive content.
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Ancient Alberta edited manuscript
https://archives.whyte.org/en/permalink/descriptions56009
- Part Of
- Ben Gadd fonds
- Scope & Content
- File consists of one manuscript of a publication titled "In Search of Ancient Alberta" by Barbara Huck and Doug Whiteway, with edits and corrections by Ben and Cia Gadd. File also includes a letter sent to the Gadds from Barbara Huck, thanking them for their help.
- Date Range
- 1997-1998
- Reference Code
- M590 / III / D / 35
- Description Level
- 5 / File
- GMD
- Textual record
- Published record
- Part Of
- Ben Gadd fonds
- Description Level
- 5 / File
- Fonds Number
- M590
- V810
- S61
- Series
- M590 / III : Professional records
- Sous-Fonds
- M590
- Sub-Series
- M590 / III / D : Other contracts and projects
- Accession Number
- 2021.20
- Reference Code
- M590 / III / D / 35
- Date Range
- 1997-1998
- Physical Description
- 1.5 cm of textual records
- Scope & Content
- File consists of one manuscript of a publication titled "In Search of Ancient Alberta" by Barbara Huck and Doug Whiteway, with edits and corrections by Ben and Cia Gadd. File also includes a letter sent to the Gadds from Barbara Huck, thanking them for their help.
- Subject Access
- Natural history
- Research
- Environment
- Publication
- Geographic Access
- Canada
- Alberta
- Jasper National Park
- Reproduction Restrictions
- Restrictions may apply
- Language
- English
- Category
- Environment
- Government
- Title Source
- Original title used
- Processing Status
- Processed
This material is presented as originally created; it may contain outdated cultural descriptions and
potentially offensive content.
Read more.
Author's copies
https://archives.whyte.org/en/permalink/descriptions56289
- Part Of
- Ben Gadd fonds
- Scope & Content
- File consists of author's copies of multiple editions of Ben Gadd's book, Handbook of the Canadian Rockies. Editions in file are annotated with notes and corrections by the author.
- Date Range
- 1991-1992
- 1995
- 1999
- 2003
- Reference Code
- M590 / II / A / 89 to 93
- Description Level
- 5 / File
- GMD
- Published record
- Textual record
- Newspaper clipping
- Part Of
- Ben Gadd fonds
- Description Level
- 5 / File
- Fonds Number
- M590
- V810
- S61
- Series
- M590 / II : Research and publication records
- Sous-Fonds
- M590
- Sub-Series
- M590 / II / A : Handbook of the Canadian Rockies
- Accession Number
- 2021.20
- Reference Code
- M590 / II / A / 89 to 93
- Responsibility
- Produced by Ben Gadd, Corax Press
- Date Range
- 1991-1992
- 1995
- 1999
- 2003
- Physical Description
- 18 cm of textual records : 5 volumes ; 14 x 21 cm
- Scope & Content
- File consists of author's copies of multiple editions of Ben Gadd's book, Handbook of the Canadian Rockies. Editions in file are annotated with notes and corrections by the author.
- Notes
- Volumes in file are arranged by date
- Name Access
- Gadd, Ben
- Subject Access
- Publication
- Research
- Professional and Personal Life
- Travel
- Environment
- Geology
- Natural history
- Wildlife
- Conservation
- National parks and reserves
- Tourism
- Recreation
- Geographic Access
- Canada
- Canadian Rocky Mountains
- Reproduction Restrictions
- Copyright restrictions apply
- Language
- English
- Creator
- Ben Gadd
- Title Source
- Original title used
- Processing Status
- Processed
This material is presented as originally created; it may contain outdated cultural descriptions and
potentially offensive content.
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Author's copy of Geology Road Tours
https://archives.whyte.org/en/permalink/descriptions56293
- Part Of
- Ben Gadd fonds
- Scope & Content
- File consists of one author's copy of Ben Gadd's book, Geology Road Tours, which includes corrections and other annotations by the author.
- Date Range
- 2008
- Reference Code
- M590 / II / B / 59
- Description Level
- 5 / File
- GMD
- Textual record
- Published record
- Part Of
- Ben Gadd fonds
- Description Level
- 5 / File
- Fonds Number
- M590
- V810
- S61
- Series
- M590 / II : Research and publication records
- Sous-Fonds
- M590
- Sub-Series
- M590 / II / B : Other publications
- Accession Number
- 2021.20
- Reference Code
- M590 / II / B / 59
- Responsibility
- Produced by Ben Gadd, Corax Press
- Date Range
- 2008
- Physical Description
- 3.5 cm of textual records : 1 volume ; 15.5 x 23 cm
- Scope & Content
- File consists of one author's copy of Ben Gadd's book, Geology Road Tours, which includes corrections and other annotations by the author.
- Name Access
- Gadd, Ben
- Subject Access
- Publication
- Commercial products
- Environment
- Geology
- Science and technology
- Geography
- Natural history
- Travel
- Roads
- Map
- Geographic Access
- Canada
- Alberta
- British Columbia
- Canadian Rocky Mountains
- Reproduction Restrictions
- Copyright restrictions may apply
- Language
- English
- Title Source
- Title based on contents of file
- Processing Status
- Processed
This material is presented as originally created; it may contain outdated cultural descriptions and
potentially offensive content.
Read more.
Byron Harmon photograph calendars
https://archives.whyte.org/en/permalink/descriptions54723
- Part Of
- Luxton family fonds
- Scope & Content
- File consists of 5 commercial miniature calendars with photographs [one printed directly onto calendar, 4 attached to backing]. Photographs on calendars are by Byron Harmon [one is not attributed, but likely by Harmon as well], and pertain to: an unnamed Indigenous couple [possibly Stoney Nakoda co…
- Date Range
- 1907
- 1912
- Reference Code
- LUX / II / F1 / 26
- Description Level
- 5 / File
- GMD
- Calendar
- Textual record
- Published record
- Photograph
- Photograph print
- Part Of
- Luxton family fonds
- Description Level
- 5 / File
- Fonds Number
- LUX
- Series
- LUX / II / F : Collected material
- Sous-Fonds
- LUX / II : Eleanor Luxton sous-fonds
- Sub-Series
- LUX / II / F1 : Textual
- Accession Number
- LUX
- Reference Code
- LUX / II / F1 / 26
- Responsibility
- Photographs attributed to Byron Harmon
- Date Range
- 1907
- 1912
- Physical Description
- 5 calendars (17.8 x 36.5 cm or smaller)
- Scope & Content
- File consists of 5 commercial miniature calendars with photographs [one printed directly onto calendar, 4 attached to backing]. Photographs on calendars are by Byron Harmon [one is not attributed, but likely by Harmon as well], and pertain to: an unnamed Indigenous couple [possibly Stoney Nakoda community members], a view of Maligne Lake, an unidentified mountain, 4 ice climbers at the peak of Mt. Habel, and Stoney hunter and Trapper Silas Abraham. Calendar depicting Silas Abraham, 1907, includes printed advertisement for Norman Luxton's trading and taxidermy businesses in Banff and Exshaw.
- Name Access
- Harmon, Byron
- Luxton, Norman
- Subject Access
- Advertising
- Banff National Park
- Landscapes
- Mountain
- Hotel
- Indigenous Peoples
- Businesses
- Trapping
- Tourism
- Taxidermy
- Geographic Access
- Canada
- Alberta
- Banff
- Exshaw
- Jasper National Park
- Maligne Lake
- Mount Habel
- Access Restrictions
- Restrictions may apply
- Language
- English
- Conservation
- Items have been placed in mylar sheets
- Title Source
- Title based on contents of file
- Processing Status
- Processed
This material is presented as originally created; it may contain outdated cultural descriptions and
potentially offensive content.
Read more.
- Part Of
- Ben Gadd fonds
- Scope & Content
- File consists of one VHS tape containing a recorded episode of "Take an Alberta Break!" featuring Ben Gadd and cave tours which he led through Cadomin Cave. Ben discusses bat habitats, cave crawling, and vandalism issues.
- Date Range
- [ca.1990-1995]
- Reference Code
- V810 / III / D / NV - 16
- Description Level
- 5 / File
- GMD
- Video
- Published record
- Part Of
- Ben Gadd fonds
- Description Level
- 5 / File
- Fonds Number
- M590
- V810
- S61
- Series
- V810 / III : Professional records
- Sous-Fonds
- V810
- Sub-Series
- V810 / III / D : Other contracts and projects
- Accession Number
- 2021.20
- Reference Code
- V810 / III / D / NV - 16
- Responsibility
- Produced by the Government of Alberta
- Date Range
- [ca.1990-1995]
- Physical Description
- 1 VHS tape
- Scope & Content
- File consists of one VHS tape containing a recorded episode of "Take an Alberta Break!" featuring Ben Gadd and cave tours which he led through Cadomin Cave. Ben discusses bat habitats, cave crawling, and vandalism issues.
- Notes
- Running time is approx. 3 minutes [episode], followed by recorded advertisements
- Name Access
- Gadd, Ben
- Subject Access
- Environment
- Conservation
- Natural history
- Caves
- Guides
- Guiding
- Tourism
- Recreation
- Television
- Geographic Access
- Canada
- Alberta
- Cadomin
- Reproduction Restrictions
- Restrictions may apply
- Language
- English
- Title Source
- Original title used
- Processing Status
- Processed
This material is presented as originally created; it may contain outdated cultural descriptions and
potentially offensive content.
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Cheviot Mine dispute - collected news articles
https://archives.whyte.org/en/permalink/descriptions55842
- Part Of
- Ben Gadd fonds
- Scope & Content
- File consists of news articles collected by Ben Gadd pertaining to the proposed Cheviot Mine project near Cadomin, Alberta. Includes articles from the Jasper Booster, the Edmonton Journal, the Globe and Mail, Canadian Journal, Alberta Wilderness Association, and other publishers.
- Date Range
- 1996-2002
- Reference Code
- M590 / IV / A / 6
- Description Level
- 5 / File
- GMD
- Textual record
- Newspaper clipping
- Published record
- Part Of
- Ben Gadd fonds
- Description Level
- 5 / File
- Fonds Number
- M590
- V810
- S61
- Series
- M590 / IV : Legal and financial records
- Sous-Fonds
- M590
- Sub-Series
- M590 / IV / A : Legal records
- Accession Number
- 2021.20
- Reference Code
- M590 / IV / A / 6
- Responsibility
- Compiled by Ben Gadd
- Date Range
- 1996-2002
- Physical Description
- 1 cm of textual records
- Scope & Content
- File consists of news articles collected by Ben Gadd pertaining to the proposed Cheviot Mine project near Cadomin, Alberta. Includes articles from the Jasper Booster, the Edmonton Journal, the Globe and Mail, Canadian Journal, Alberta Wilderness Association, and other publishers.
- Name Access
- Gadd, Ben
- Subject Access
- Natural resources
- Mining
- Environment
- Industry
- Publication
- Newspaper
- Geographic Access
- Canada
- Alberta
- Cadomin
- Jasper
- Edmonton
- Reproduction Restrictions
- Restrictions may apply
- Language
- English
- Title Source
- Title based on contents of file
- Processing Status
- Processed
This material is presented as originally created; it may contain outdated cultural descriptions and
potentially offensive content.
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Cheviot Mine dispute - reference materials, press releases
https://archives.whyte.org/en/permalink/descriptions55843
- Part Of
- Ben Gadd fonds
- Scope & Content
- File consists of published journal articles, press releases and other reports collected by Ben Gadd pertaining to coal mining and the proposed Cheviot Mine project near Cadomin, Alberta. Includes materials published by The Tex Report, Ben Gadd, and the Alberta Government's Department of Energy and …
- Date Range
- 1984
- 1996-1997
- Reference Code
- M590 / IV / A / 7
- Description Level
- 5 / File
- GMD
- Textual record
- Published record
- Part Of
- Ben Gadd fonds
- Description Level
- 5 / File
- Fonds Number
- M590
- V810
- S61
- Series
- M590 / IV : Legal and financial records
- Sous-Fonds
- M590
- Sub-Series
- M590 / IV / A : Legal records
- Accession Number
- 2021.20
- Reference Code
- M590 / IV / A / 7
- Responsibility
- Compiled by Ben Gadd
- Date Range
- 1984
- 1996-1997
- Physical Description
- 2 cm of textual records
- Scope & Content
- File consists of published journal articles, press releases and other reports collected by Ben Gadd pertaining to coal mining and the proposed Cheviot Mine project near Cadomin, Alberta. Includes materials published by The Tex Report, Ben Gadd, and the Alberta Government's Department of Energy and Natural Resources, as well as various online articles related to coal mining.
- Name Access
- Gadd, Ben
- Subject Access
- Natural resources
- Mining
- Environment
- Industry
- Publication
- Research
- Geographic Access
- Canada
- Alberta
- United States of America
- Reproduction Restrictions
- Restrictions may apply
- Language
- English
- Title Source
- Title based on contents of file
- Processing Status
- Processed
This material is presented as originally created; it may contain outdated cultural descriptions and
potentially offensive content.
Read more.
Forest Technology School trail interpretation
https://archives.whyte.org/en/permalink/descriptions56314
- Part Of
- Ben Gadd fonds
- Scope & Content
- File consists of notes, drafts, sample illustrations and other materials pertaining to an interpretive trail guide which Ben Gadd produced for the Forest Technology School in Hinton, Alberta in 1992. File includes sample images taped together and annotated with additional information. FIle also inc…
- Date Range
- 1992
- Reference Code
- M590 / III / D / 118
- Description Level
- 5 / File
- GMD
- Textual record
- Published record
- Part Of
- Ben Gadd fonds
- Description Level
- 5 / File
- Fonds Number
- M590
- V810
- S61
- Series
- M590 / III : Professional records
- Sous-Fonds
- M590
- Sub-Series
- M590 / III / D : Other contracts and projects
- Accession Number
- 2021.20
- Reference Code
- M590 / III / D / 118
- Responsibility
- Produced by Ben Gadd
- Date Range
- 1992
- Physical Description
- 1.5 cm of textual records
- Scope & Content
- File consists of notes, drafts, sample illustrations and other materials pertaining to an interpretive trail guide which Ben Gadd produced for the Forest Technology School in Hinton, Alberta in 1992. File includes sample images taped together and annotated with additional information. FIle also includes a pressed plant sample, stored in an envelope titled "Rhytidiadelphus triquetris (Shaggy moss)".
- Name Access
- Gadd, Ben
- Subject Access
- Natural history
- Geology
- Environment
- Research
- Publication
- Tourism
- Trails
- Guides
- Guiding
- Geographic Access
- Canada
- Alberta
- Canmore
- Reproduction Restrictions
- Restrictions may apply
- Language
- English
- Related Material
- Related photographs stored in files V810/III/D/PA-12 to 18 ; and V810/III/D/NA-1 to 6
- Category
- Environment
- Tourism
- Title Source
- Title based on contents of file
- Processing Status
- Processed
This material is presented as originally created; it may contain outdated cultural descriptions and
potentially offensive content.
Read more.
Friends of Jasper National Park - brochure and bookmark
https://archives.whyte.org/en/permalink/descriptions56006
- Part Of
- Ben Gadd fonds
- Scope & Content
- File consists of documents pertaining to a brochure and bookmark produced by Ben Gadd on behalf of the Friends of Jasper National Park. File includes printing quotes, sample copies, a published copy of the brochure, and a related advertisement.
- Date Range
- 1997-1998
- Reference Code
- M590 / III / D / 30
- Description Level
- 5 / File
- GMD
- Textual record
- Published record
- Part Of
- Ben Gadd fonds
- Description Level
- 5 / File
- Fonds Number
- M590
- V810
- S61
- Series
- M590 / III : Professional records
- Sous-Fonds
- M590
- Sub-Series
- M590 / III / D : Other contracts and projects
- Accession Number
- 2021.20
- Reference Code
- M590 / III / D / 30
- Date Range
- 1997-1998
- Physical Description
- 0.2 cm of textual records
- Scope & Content
- File consists of documents pertaining to a brochure and bookmark produced by Ben Gadd on behalf of the Friends of Jasper National Park. File includes printing quotes, sample copies, a published copy of the brochure, and a related advertisement.
- Name Access
- Gadd, Ben
- Subject Access
- Parks
- Commerce
- National parks and reserves
- Organizations
- Finances
- Research
- Geographic Access
- Canada
- Alberta
- Jasper National Park
- Reproduction Restrictions
- Restrictions may apply
- Language
- English
- Category
- Environment
- Commerce and industry
- Title Source
- Title based on contents of file
- Processing Status
- Processed
This material is presented as originally created; it may contain outdated cultural descriptions and
potentially offensive content.
Read more.
Geology Car Caravans tours
https://archives.whyte.org/en/permalink/descriptions55864
- Part Of
- Ben Gadd fonds
- Scope & Content
- File consists of documents pertaining to the Geology Car Caravans tour program which was hosted by the Canmore Museum and Geoscience Centre, including schedules, participant lists and related newspaper articles. Ben Gadd worked as the lead guide for the Geology Car Caravans tours.
- Date Range
- 2010-2012
- Reference Code
- M590 / III / B / 36
- Description Level
- 5 / File
- GMD
- Textual record
- Published record
- Newspaper clipping
- Part Of
- Ben Gadd fonds
- Description Level
- 5 / File
- Fonds Number
- M590
- V810
- S61
- Series
- M590 / III : Professional records
- Sous-Fonds
- M590
- Sub-Series
- M590 / III / B : Interpretive guiding
- Accession Number
- 2021.20
- Reference Code
- M590 / III / B / 36
- Date Range
- 2010-2012
- Physical Description
- 0.5 cm of textual records
- Scope & Content
- File consists of documents pertaining to the Geology Car Caravans tour program which was hosted by the Canmore Museum and Geoscience Centre, including schedules, participant lists and related newspaper articles. Ben Gadd worked as the lead guide for the Geology Car Caravans tours.
- Name Access
- Gadd, Ben
- Subject Access
- Tourism
- Environment
- Guiding
- Education
- Geology
- Science and technology
- Geographic Access
- Canada
- Alberta
- Canmore
- Access Restrictions
- Restrictions may apply - contents include personal contact information
- Reproduction Restrictions
- Restrictions may apply - contents include personal contact information
- Category
- Environment
- Education
- Science and technology
- Title Source
- Title based on contents of file
- Processing Status
- Processed
This material is presented as originally created; it may contain outdated cultural descriptions and
potentially offensive content.
Read more.
Geology Road Tours - research materials
https://archives.whyte.org/en/permalink/descriptions55795
- Part Of
- Ben Gadd fonds
- Scope & Content
- File consists of various scientific journal articles which were collected and used as research materials by Ben Gadd during the creation of his book "Geology Road Tours". Articles pertain to Canadian and North American geological history, and related subjects.
- Date Range
- 1956
- 1977-1979
- 1987-1988
- 1991
- 1993-2008
- Reference Code
- M590 / II / B / 12 to 16
- Description Level
- 5 / File
- GMD
- Textual record
- Published record
- Part Of
- Ben Gadd fonds
- Description Level
- 5 / File
- Fonds Number
- M590
- V810
- S61
- Series
- M590 / II : Research and publication records
- Sous-Fonds
- M590
- Sub-Series
- M590 / II / B : Other publications
- Accession Number
- 2021.20
- Reference Code
- M590 / II / B / 12 to 16
- Date Range
- 1956
- 1977-1979
- 1987-1988
- 1991
- 1993-2008
- Physical Description
- 9 cm of textual records
- Scope & Content
- File consists of various scientific journal articles which were collected and used as research materials by Ben Gadd during the creation of his book "Geology Road Tours". Articles pertain to Canadian and North American geological history, and related subjects.
- Notes
- Some items in file are annotated
- Name Access
- Gadd, Ben
- Subject Access
- Research
- Geology
- Geological formation
- Environment
- Natural history
- Geographic Access
- Canada
- Canadian Rocky Mountains
- Access Restrictions
- Restrictions may apply
- Language
- English
- Category
- Environment
- Title Source
- Title based on contents of file
- Processing Status
- Processed
This material is presented as originally created; it may contain outdated cultural descriptions and
potentially offensive content.
Read more.
GeoVista brochures project
https://archives.whyte.org/en/permalink/descriptions55881
- Part Of
- Ben Gadd fonds
- Scope & Content
- File consists of documents pertaining to Ben Gadd's involvement in the creation of "GeoVista" downloadable brochures for areas of Jasper National Park, which were published by the Canadian Federation of Earth Sciences in 2011. File includes correspondence between Ben and other individuals involved …
- Date Range
- 2010-2011
- Reference Code
- M590 / III / D / 2
- Description Level
- 5 / File
- GMD
- Textual record
- Published record
- Part Of
- Ben Gadd fonds
- Description Level
- 5 / File
- Fonds Number
- M590
- V810
- S61
- Series
- M590 / III : Professional records
- Sous-Fonds
- M590
- Sub-Series
- M590 / III / D : Other contracts and projects
- Accession Number
- 2021.20
- Reference Code
- M590 / III / D / 2
- Date Range
- 2010-2011
- Physical Description
- 0.2 cm of textual records
- History / Biographical
- From the Canadian Federation of Earth and Space Sciences website: "GeoVistas are downloadable brochures that explain iconic views in Canadian parks. They are site-specific vignettes that combine engaging descriptions of geological features in the landscape with information on how they have influenced climate, ecology and culture. Precise GPS coordinates allow you to reach these accessible sites."
- Scope & Content
- File consists of documents pertaining to Ben Gadd's involvement in the creation of "GeoVista" downloadable brochures for areas of Jasper National Park, which were published by the Canadian Federation of Earth Sciences in 2011. File includes correspondence between Ben and other individuals involved with the project; drafts of written material and excerpts from brochures, including images; a Canadian Geological Foundation grant application form; handwritten notes; and other related materials.
- Name Access
- Gadd, Ben
- Subject Access
- National parks and reserves
- Publication
- Research
- Geography
- Natural history
- Tourism
- Travel
- Geology
- Science and technology
- Education
- Organizations
- Government
- Geographic Access
- Canada
- Alberta
- Jasper National Park
- Reproduction Restrictions
- Copyright restrictions may apply
- Language
- English
- Biographical Source Notes
- http://earthsciencescanada.com/geovista/
- Title Source
- Title based on contents of file
- Processing Status
- Processed
This material is presented as originally created; it may contain outdated cultural descriptions and
potentially offensive content.
Read more.
Glaciers of North America by Sue Ferguson, annotated
https://archives.whyte.org/en/permalink/descriptions57537
- Part Of
- Ben Gadd fonds
- Scope & Content
- File consists of one copy of Sue Ferguson's book, "Glaciers of North America: A Field Guide". Book is annotated with corrections and comments by Ben Gadd.
- Date Range
- 1992
- Reference Code
- M590 / I / D / 32
- Description Level
- 5 / File
- GMD
- Published record
- Textual record
- Part Of
- Ben Gadd fonds
- Description Level
- 5 / File
- Fonds Number
- M590
- V810
- S61
- Series
- M590 / I : Personal records
- Sous-Fonds
- M590
- Sub-Series
- M590 / I / D : Other personal and collected
- Accession Number
- 2021.20
- Reference Code
- M590 / I / D / 32
- Date Range
- 1992
- Physical Description
- 1 volume: published book
- Scope & Content
- File consists of one copy of Sue Ferguson's book, "Glaciers of North America: A Field Guide". Book is annotated with corrections and comments by Ben Gadd.
- Material Details
- Annotations written with mix of pencil, black and blue pen ink
- Name Access
- Gadd, Ben
- Ferguson, Sue
- Subject Access
- Publication
- Mountaineering
- Glaciers
- Climbing
- Ice climbing
- Reproduction Restrictions
- Copyright restrictions may apply
- Language
- English
- Title Source
- Title based on contents of file
- Processing Status
- Processed
This material is presented as originally created; it may contain outdated cultural descriptions and
potentially offensive content.
Read more.
Great Canadian Parks: Mount Robson Provincial Park
https://archives.whyte.org/en/permalink/descriptions56470
- Part Of
- Ben Gadd fonds
- Scope & Content
- File consists of one VHS tape containing episode 32 of the series "Great Canadian Parks", featuring Mount Robson Provincial Park. Ben Gadd appears in the video, discussing the mountain's elevation and first impressions from tourists.
- Date Range
- 1998
- Reference Code
- V810 / III / D / NV - 14
- Description Level
- 5 / File
- GMD
- Video
- Published record
- Part Of
- Ben Gadd fonds
- Description Level
- 5 / File
- Fonds Number
- M590
- V810
- S61
- Series
- V810 / III : Professional records
- Sous-Fonds
- V810
- Sub-Series
- V810 / III / D : Other contracts and projects
- Accession Number
- 2021.20
- Reference Code
- V810 / III / D / NV - 14
- Responsibility
- Produced by Good Earth Productions Inc.
- Date Range
- 1998
- Physical Description
- 1 VHS tape
- Scope & Content
- File consists of one VHS tape containing episode 32 of the series "Great Canadian Parks", featuring Mount Robson Provincial Park. Ben Gadd appears in the video, discussing the mountain's elevation and first impressions from tourists.
- Notes
- Ben Gadd appears in video at 6 min. 35 sec.; total running time 23 min. 5 sec.
- Name Access
- Gadd, Ben
- Subject Access
- Environment
- Mountains
- Natural history
- Tourism
- Television
- Geographic Access
- Canada
- British Columbia
- Mount Robson
- Reproduction Restrictions
- Restrictions may apply
- Language
- English
- Category
- Environment
- Title Source
- Original title used
- Processing Status
- Processed
This material is presented as originally created; it may contain outdated cultural descriptions and
potentially offensive content.
Read more.
Great Canadian Rivers: The Kicking Horse
https://archives.whyte.org/en/permalink/descriptions56468
- Part Of
- Ben Gadd fonds
- Scope & Content
- File consists of one VHS tape containing episode 32 of the series "Great Canadian Rivers", featuring Kicking Horse River. Ben Gadd appears in the video, discussing the river and its creation.
- Date Range
- 2002
- Reference Code
- V810 / III / D / NV - 13
- Description Level
- 5 / File
- GMD
- Video
- Published record
- Part Of
- Ben Gadd fonds
- Description Level
- 5 / File
- Fonds Number
- M590
- V810
- S61
- Series
- V810 / III : Professional records
- Sous-Fonds
- V810
- Sub-Series
- V810 / III / D : Other contracts and projects
- Accession Number
- 2021.20
- Reference Code
- V810 / III / D / NV - 13
- Responsibility
- Produced by Good Earth Productions Inc.
- Date Range
- 2002
- Physical Description
- 1 VHS tape
- Scope & Content
- File consists of one VHS tape containing episode 32 of the series "Great Canadian Rivers", featuring Kicking Horse River. Ben Gadd appears in the video, discussing the river and its creation.
- Notes
- Ben Gadd appears in video at 3 min. 45 sec.; total running time 22 min. 30 sec.
- Name Access
- Gadd, Ben
- Subject Access
- Environment
- Rivers
- Natural history
- Television
- Geographic Access
- Canada
- British Columbia
- Kicking Horse River
- Reproduction Restrictions
- Restrictions may apply
- Language
- English
- Category
- Environment
- Title Source
- Original title used
- Processing Status
- Processed
This material is presented as originally created; it may contain outdated cultural descriptions and
potentially offensive content.
Read more.
HCR Info Files - American Rockies
https://archives.whyte.org/en/permalink/descriptions55961
- Part Of
- Ben Gadd fonds
- Scope & Content
- File consists of published research materials collected by Ben Gadd pertaining to the American Rockies.
- Date Range
- 1989
- 1993
- Reference Code
- M590 / II / A / 42
- Description Level
- 5 / File
- GMD
- Textual record
- Published record
- Part Of
- Ben Gadd fonds
- Description Level
- 5 / File
- Fonds Number
- M590
- V810
- S61
- Series
- M590 / II : Research and publication records
- Sous-Fonds
- M590
- Sub-Series
- M590 / II / A : Handbook of the Canadian Rockies
- Accession Number
- 2021.20
- Reference Code
- M590 / II / A / 42
- Date Range
- 1989
- 1993
- Physical Description
- 0.3 cm of textual records
- Scope & Content
- File consists of published research materials collected by Ben Gadd pertaining to the American Rockies.
- Name Access
- Gadd, Ben
- Subject Access
- Publication
- Research
- Environment
- Geographic Access
- United States of America
- Rocky Mountains
- Reproduction Restrictions
- Restrictions may apply
- Language
- English
- Category
- Environment
- Title Source
- Original title used
- Processing Status
- Processed
This material is presented as originally created; it may contain outdated cultural descriptions and
potentially offensive content.
Read more.
HCR Info Files - Birds
https://archives.whyte.org/en/permalink/descriptions55967
- Part Of
- Ben Gadd fonds
- Scope & Content
- File consists of published research materials collected by Ben Gadd pertaining to birds in the Canadian Rockies.
- Date Range
- 1968-1970
- 1973-1974
- 1984-1987
- 1992-1994
- 2005
- Reference Code
- M590 / II / A / 54 to 57
- Description Level
- 5 / File
- GMD
- Textual record
- Published record
- Part Of
- Ben Gadd fonds
- Description Level
- 5 / File
- Fonds Number
- M590
- V810
- S61
- Series
- M590 / II : Research and publication records
- Sous-Fonds
- M590
- Sub-Series
- M590 / II / A : Handbook of the Canadian Rockies
- Accession Number
- 2021.20
- Reference Code
- M590 / II / A / 54 to 57
- Date Range
- 1968-1970
- 1973-1974
- 1984-1987
- 1992-1994
- 2005
- Physical Description
- 7 cm of textual records
- Scope & Content
- File consists of published research materials collected by Ben Gadd pertaining to birds in the Canadian Rockies.
- Notes
- Some items in file are annotated by Ben and Cia Gadd
- Name Access
- Gadd, Ben
- Subject Access
- Publication
- Research
- Environment
- Wildlife
- Birds
- Geographic Access
- Canada
- Alberta
- Canadian Rocky Mountains
- Reproduction Restrictions
- Restrictions may apply
- Language
- English
- Category
- Environment
- Title Source
- Original title used
- Processing Status
- Processed
This material is presented as originally created; it may contain outdated cultural descriptions and
potentially offensive content.
Read more.