Narrow Results By
Aileen Harmon fonds
https://archives.whyte.org/en/permalink/descriptions206
- Part Of
- Aileen Harmon fonds
- Scope & Content
- Fonds consists of textual records and photographs by and about Aileen Harmon, as well as collected items. Textual records include: letter from Harmon to the Director of Alberta's provincial parks re addition of Yamnuska area to Bow Valley Provincial Park, 1973; brief, from Harvie Heights and Bow Va…
- Date Range
- [ca. 1924] - 2015
- Reference Code
- M287 / V262
- Description Level
- 1 / Fonds
- GMD
- Photograph
- Negative
- Photograph print
- Textual record
- Private record
- Transparency
- Part Of
- Aileen Harmon fonds
- Description Level
- 1 / Fonds
- Fonds Number
- M287 / V262
- Sous-Fonds
- M287
- V262
- Accession Number
- 1876
- 1915
- 1916
- 2302
- 2932
- 3082
- 3380
- 3383
- 3411
- 7753
- 2016.8596
- Reference Code
- M287 / V262
- Date Range
- [ca. 1924] - 2015
- Physical Description
- 26.5 cm of textual records. -- 33 photographs (26 prints : b&w and col. ; 20.5 x 30 cm or smaller -- 6 negatives : b&w nitrate negatives ; 12.5 x 10 cm -- 1 transparency : col. slide ; 35 mm)
- History / Biographical
- Aileen Harmon (1912 - 2015), daughter of Byron Harmon, worked as a government naturalist at Banff, Alberta, Canada and was involved in local natural history groups and activities. Aileen was a founding member, alongside Bruce Gordon, of the Bow Valley Naturalists, and was also on the Board of The Canadian Wildlife Federation and The Society of Alberta Naturalists. Aileen moved to Mill Bay on Vancouver Island, B.C. in 1981 following the end of a lengthy career with Parks Canada. During her retirement years, Aileen travelled extensively, reaching all seven continents. She also authored an autobiographical book, titled "Tales of My Mountain Life", in 2004. Aileen passed away on January 9, 2015 at the age of 102.
- Scope & Content
- Fonds consists of textual records and photographs by and about Aileen Harmon, as well as collected items. Textual records include: letter from Harmon to the Director of Alberta's provincial parks re addition of Yamnuska area to Bow Valley Provincial Park, 1973; brief, from Harvie Heights and Bow Valley subdivision residents to public hearings on land use and resource development in the eastern slopes, 1973; letter re James Hector, 1979; notes on career, 2003; notes on Catharine Whyte for CBC recording, 2004; Christmas cards and collected articles, ca.1960. Photographs, made by and collected by Aileen Harmon, pertain to Aileen Harmon and friends, skiing, Skoki area, Mount Yamnuska, Banff Indian Days. Includes photographs by Byron Harmon. Added content from accession 2016.8596 : ca. 25 cm of textual records including personal correspondence, guest book, original writing and notes by Aileen Harmon, personal travel journals from a 1931 packing trip and 1933 ski trip to Skoki, drafts of autobiographical book "Tales of My Mountain Life", articles pertaining to or written by Aileen Harmon, Christmas cards, and letters of condolence to Carole Harmon following Aileen's passing. Also 26 print photographs, 6 negative photographs from a 1937 hiking trip, and one transparency. Fonds consists of one series : Series I - Personal records
- Name Access
- Harmon, Aileen
- Harmon, Carole
- Subject Access
- Environment
- Family and personal life
- Memorial
- Parks Canada
- Hiking
- Mountains
- Travel
- Geographic Access
- Canada
- Alberta
- British Columbia
- Access Restrictions
- Copyright, privacy, commercial use and other restrictions may apply
- Reproduction Restrictions
- Restrictions may apply
- Language
- English
- Finding Aid
- Basic description only
- Category
- Environment
- Family and personal life
- Title Source
- Title based on contents of fonds
- Processing Status
- Processed
This material is presented as originally created; it may contain outdated cultural descriptions and
potentially offensive content.
Read more.
Bill Gibbons fonds
https://archives.whyte.org/en/permalink/descriptions582
- Part Of
- Bill Gibbons fonds
- Scope & Content
- Fonds consists of photographic business records of professional photographer Bill Gibbons in three series: I. Commercial black and white series, ca.1945-ca.1958, ca.5400 photographs; II. Canadian Rockies colour series, ca.1945-ca.1990, predominant ca.1966-ca.1972, ca.8000 photographs; III. Other …
- Date Range
- [ca.1945-ca.1990]
- Reference Code
- M532 / V227
- Description Level
- 1 / Fonds
- GMD
- Photograph
- Negative
- Photograph print
- Postcard
- Transparency
- Textual record
- Private record
- Part Of
- Bill Gibbons fonds
- Description Level
- 1 / Fonds
- Fonds Number
- M 532
- V 227
- Sous-Fonds
- M 532
- V 227
- Accession Number
- 194, 275, 1991, 2020, 5753, 5756, 6760, 7936, 7237
- Reference Code
- M532 / V227
- Responsibility
- Fonds consists of the private business records of Bill Gibbons. Some photographs may have been made by employees.
- Date Range
- [ca.1945-ca.1990]
- Physical Description
- ca.13,404 photographs: negatives, prints, transparencies, albums, postcards. -- 2.5 cm textual records
- History / Biographical
- W. J. L. "Bill" Gibbons, 1914-1994 , was a professional photographer at Banff, Alberta, Canada from 1945 until 1959. Gibbons came to Canada in 1941 and settled in Banff after the war with his wife, Ella Mae (Becker), a Banff native. He established British Photographic Laboratories, with partners Lou Crosby and Jack Anderson, in the basement of the Mount Royal Hotel, moving later to street-level. Bill and Ella Mae Gibbons travelled throughout the mountain parks photographing views for sale in the Banff shop. These were offered as hand-coloured prints, with much of the colouring done or supervised by Ella Mae.
- Later the business expanded to include colour postcards and slide sets. Gibbons employed other photographers, such as Bruno Engler, for specialty work, such as ski photography, and the Banff studio also did portraiture. Gibbons himself did most of the 4 x 5 format landscape work and made extensive use of models, many of who were young women employed by his Banff store. In 1959, Gibbons sold his business to a group of Banff businessmen and moved to Vancouver. In subsequent years, he continued to be active as a photographer and in publishing, working in different areas of the world. He made several photographic trips through the mountain parks, ca.1966-1972.
- Scope & Content
- Fonds consists of photographic business records of professional photographer Bill Gibbons in three series: I. Commercial black and white series, ca.1945-ca.1958, ca.5400 photographs; II. Canadian Rockies colour series, ca.1945-ca.1990, predominant ca.1966-ca.1972, ca.8000 photographs; III. Other black and white series, ca. 1947, 4 photographs.
- I. Commercial black and white series consists of six sub-series: A. Portraits and documentary views, 1945-1950, 2437 negatives (individual and group portraits, weddings, conferences, events, buildings, facilities and places; Banff and area); B. Banff School of Fine Arts, ca.1949, 277 negatives (privately produced views of classes, group portraits, activities, buildings and facilities); C. "S" sub-series, ca.1950, 1220 negatives (scenic views in the vicinity of Banff, Lake Louise, Banff-Jasper Highway, Jasper National Park, Radium and Columbia Valley, British Columbia and Pacific Coast, First Nations views); D. "T" sub-series, ca.1950, 482 negatives (scenic and commercial views, mainly Jasper, Banff-Jasper Highway and Lake Louise areas); E. Rolliflex and panorama negatives, 1949-1958, 584 negatives (Banff Winter Carnival, Banff School of Fine Arts, and Banff and area); F. Other, ca.1945-1951, 364 items (material similar to that in other series, some unidentified). Accompanied by small number of prints and postcards; also, publication: "Photographing the Canadian Rockies" by Bill J. L. Gibbons, 1948.
- II. Canadian Rockies colour series consists of four sub-series: A. CR1 to CR84, ca.1966-ca.1972, ca.260 prints; B. CR1 to CR443, ca.1966-ca.1972, ca.5130 photographs; C. CR35-2 to CR35-81, ca.1966-ca.1972, ca.2310 photographs; D. Other photographs, ca.1945-ca.1990. Series consists primarily of commercial colour negatives and corresponding proof prints pertaining to Banff, Jasper and Yoho National Parks, also some transparencies and oversize display prints.
- III. Other black and white series. Series consists of 2 black and white prints of crash landing at Sunshine with Al Gaetz and Dick Pike, 1947 and two copy negatives with prints of Bruno Engler and Ella Mae Gibbons, ca.1947.
- Textual records are record book, 1945-1953, 62 p; and book layout.
- Name Access
- Gibbons, Bill
- Subject Access
- Arts
- Buildings and facilities
- Commerce and industry
- Education
- Environment
- Family and personal life
- Sports, recreation and leisure
- Access Restrictions
- Some restriction/s on access
- Copyright, privacy, commercial use and other restrictions may apply
- Language
- Language is English
- Finding Aid
- Finding aids and reference tools: arrangement outline
- series and file description
- electronic finding aid
- selected modern reference prints
- Creator
- Gibbons, Bill
- Category
- Arts
- Commerce and industry
- Education
- Environment
- Family and personal life
- Sports, recreation and leisure
- Title Source
- Title based on accession records and contents of fonds
- Processing Status
- Processed
This material is presented as originally created; it may contain outdated cultural descriptions and
potentially offensive content.
Read more.
Bruce Hatfield fonds
https://archives.whyte.org/en/permalink/descriptions57499
- Part Of
- Bruce Hatfield fonds
- Scope & Content
- Fonds consists of materials pertaining to Dr. Bruce Hatfield's excursions with the Trail Riders between 1963-1995 and his role as Trail Doctor. Fonds includes ca.441 transparency slides with images primarily taken by Bruce during trail rides, 1963-1994, depicting fellow ride participants, camp life…
- Date Range
- 1963-1995
- Reference Code
- M597 / V819
- Description Level
- 1 / Fonds
- GMD
- Photograph
- Transparency
- Textual record
- Negative
- Private record
- Organization record
- Part Of
- Bruce Hatfield fonds
- Description Level
- 1 / Fonds
- Fonds Number
- M597
- V819
- Sous-Fonds
- M597
- V819
- Accession Number
- 2023.29
- Reference Code
- M597 / V819
- Responsibility
- Photographs mostly produced by Bruce Hatfield
- Date Range
- 1963-1995
- Physical Description
- ca.441 col. transparency slides : 35 mm -- 14 col. neg. film strips (49 images) : 35 mm -- ca.1.5 cm textual records
- History / Biographical
- Clinton Bruce Hatfield (1926-2009) was born in Calgary, Alberta. After graduating from Western Canada High School in 1945, Bruce attended the University of Alberta, where he completed a Bachelor of Science degree in 1948, a Master of Science degree in 1951, and a Medical Degree in 1953. Bruce interned at the University of Alberta Hospital before moving to Minneapolis in 1957, where he worked as an Instructor in Medicine at the University of Minnesota Hospital (1958-1959). Bruce moved back to Calgary and opened a private medical practice with his brother, Bob Hatfield. While operating his private practice, Bruce also served on several committees at the Calgary Hospital, including the Intern Committee, Library Committee, Medical Education Committee, Pharmacy Committee (of which he was Chair in 1966), and the Department of Medicine Committee. Bruce was hired as an Assistant Professor at the University of Calgary in 1970, and was Clinical Professor of Medicine when he retired in 1994. Bruce was active as an educator and volunteer in his community, and supported numerous charitable initiatives through the United Church of Canada. He gave public presentations on the topics of Family Life and Sex Education throughout the 1960s and 1970s. Bruce also served as a Trail Doctor for the Trail Riders of the Canadian Rockies on numerous trips between 1963 and 1995. Bruce was also a talented photographer; his photographs were featured in multiple publications including Macleans magazine, Canadian Doctor, and Canadian Medical Association Journal. Bruce was the recipient of many awards including Calgary’s Citizen of the Year (1970), the Premier’s Cup (1983), an Honorary Doctorate of Laws from the University of Calgary (1995) and most recently was chosen as one of Alberta’s 100 Physicians of the Century (2005). Bruce and his brother, Bob, were co-recipients of the Alberta Achievement Award and the Premier's Cup for Excellence in Medicine and the Community. Bruce was married to his wife, Kathleen, for 55 years and the couple raised four daughters together: Linda, Barbara, Sue and Kate.
- Scope & Content
- Fonds consists of materials pertaining to Dr. Bruce Hatfield's excursions with the Trail Riders between 1963-1995 and his role as Trail Doctor. Fonds includes ca.441 transparency slides with images primarily taken by Bruce during trail rides, 1963-1994, depicting fellow ride participants, camp life, wildlife, and landscapes; 14 colour negative film strips (49 images) depicting scenes from a trail ride in 1995; collected correspondence pertaining to trail rides and administrative work; medical reports from trail rides; and collected riders' lists and related material.
- Name Access
- Hatfield, Bruce
- Subject Access
- Trails
- Trail Riders of the Canadian Rockies
- Travel
- Administration
- Animals
- Bighorn Sheep
- Buildings and facilities
- Businesses
- Camping
- Correspondence
- Dancing
- Deer
- Dogs
- Elk
- Entertainment
- Environment
- Fishing
- Glaciers
- Guides
- Horse packing
- Horseback riding
- Horses
- Health services
- Landscapes
- Membership
- Mountain Goats
- Music
- Musicians
- Organizations
- Outfitters, trail guides and packers
- Pack trips
- Recreation
- Sports and recreation
- Swimming
- Tourism
- Trail guides
- Geographic Access
- Canada
- Alberta
- British Columbia
- Access Restrictions
- Some restrictions apply- contains personal information
- Reproduction Restrictions
- Some restrictions apply- contains personal information
- Related Material
- Trail Riders of the Canadian Rockies fonds (M545/V635)
- Biographical Source Notes
- https://searcharchives.ucalgary.ca/dr-c-bruce-hatfield-fonds
- https://mhfh.com/tribute/details/15163/Clinton-Hatfield/obituary.html
- Title Source
- Title based on contents of fonds
- Processing Status
- Processed
This material is presented as originally created; it may contain outdated cultural descriptions and
potentially offensive content.
Read more.
Clifford Jackson White fonds
https://archives.whyte.org/en/permalink/descriptions665
- Part Of
- Clifford Jackson White fonds
- Scope & Content
- Fonds consist of eight separate series: A. Moving Images; B. Photographs; C. Banff - Lake Louise - Chamber of Commerce Plaques; D. Printed Materials; E. Newspaper Clippings; F. Sunshine Village Lodge & Skoki Ski Lodge; G. Written Materials; H. Phone List. Fonds consists of records pertaining primar…
- Date Range
- 1847-2003
- Reference Code
- M168 / V685
- Description Level
- 1 / Fonds
- GMD
- Motion picture
- Film
- Video
- Photograph
- Photograph print
- Textual record
- Private record
- Published record
- Part Of
- Clifford Jackson White fonds
- Description Level
- 1 / Fonds
- Fonds Number
- M 168
- V 685
- Sous-Fonds
- M 168
- V 685
- Accession Number
- 6335 (moved to V682), 7044, 7771
- Reference Code
- M168 / V685
- GMD
- Motion picture
- Film
- Video
- Photograph
- Photograph print
- Textual record
- Private record
- Published record
- Date Range
- 1847-2003
- Physical Description
- 7 cm textual records. -- 24 photographs: prints. -- 2 motion pictures: 16mm film, video
- History / Biographical
- Clifford Jackson White (II), 1929-2003, was born in Banff, Alberta, the son of Clifford and Mildred (Jackson) White and the grandson of Dave White. Clifford J. White attended public and high school in Banff and in 1951, married Beverly Pogue of Calgary. Together they have four children: Clifford (III), Tara, Bradford, and Tristan. Cliff White was thirteen years old when he guided for his father at Mount Temple, and he operated the bulldozer for Sunshine Village from 1946 to 1949. From 1949 to 1953, Cliff White was assistant to the general manager of Snowmobile Tours at the Icefields, and 1953-1963, he owned a service station in Banff. In 1960, White purchased Sunshine Village ski resort, sold it in 1966 and remained the manager there until 1977. White succeeded his aunt, Catharine Whyte as President of the Board of Trustees, Peter and Catharine Whyte Foundation, 1979-1993. White was a member of the Kiwanis Club at Banff, and was the director of the Banff Chamber of Commerce. He was a Cub pack leader from 1953 to 1956.
- Scope & Content
- Fonds consist of eight separate series: A. Moving Images; B. Photographs; C. Banff - Lake Louise - Chamber of Commerce Plaques; D. Printed Materials; E. Newspaper Clippings; F. Sunshine Village Lodge & Skoki Ski Lodge; G. Written Materials; H. Phone List. Fonds consists of records pertaining primarily to Sunshine ski area. Textual records include a speech: "The Human History of Skiing at lake Louise," Feb. 8, 1992. Discusses origins of skiing in Banff, 1920s, the establishment of Skoki and Mt. Temple Chalet, and the first chair lifts. The remainder of the speech deals with White's recollections of a typical "ski week" in 1943 when he worked as a licensed ski guide at Mount Temple Chalet. Also includes a list of significant dates and events in Lake Louise ski history, 1894-1991. Textual records also include personal and legal records, Sunshine ski area pamphlets, 1960 - ?, correspondence, certificates, clippings, and pamphlets. Photographs consist of 20 prints re Clifford J. White, Beverly White and their children; Clifford White Sr. and ski development history. Motion pictures include a film "Top of the World," ca. 1970, 16mm, sd., col., ca. 500 ft., ca. 14 minutes. "A Jim Rice Production." Sunshine Village promotional film: skiing, lodge, lifts, helishots, etc. interspersed with 1930s footage of Skoki area skiing (some of which exists in this fonds). Film was property of Sunshine Village. Clifford J. White supplied some historical film footage by or collected by his father, Clifford White, for this film.
- Name Access
- White, Clifford Jackson
- Subject Access
- Commerce and industry
- Environment
- Family and personal life
- Sports, recreation and leisure
- Access Restrictions
- Some restrictions on access
- Language
- Language is English
- Creator
- White, Clifford Jackson
- Biographical Source Notes
- Bio file; Who's Who in Alberta, 1969
- Title Source
- Title based on provenance of fonds
- Processing Status
- Processed
This material is presented as originally created; it may contain outdated cultural descriptions and
potentially offensive content.
Read more.
Clifford White fonds
https://archives.whyte.org/en/permalink/descriptions412
- Part Of
- Clifford White fonds
- Scope & Content
- Fonds consist of four separate series: A. Photograph Albums; B. Prints; C. Motion Picture; D. Written Materials. Fonds consists of 10 motion pictures pertaining mainly to skiing, particularly in the Skoki area and include 1 16mm film "Skolff" ca.1966 by Bruno Engler and 1 16mm film "Skoki" ca.1932…
- Date Range
- 1920-1992
- Reference Code
- M159 / V682
- Description Level
- 1 / Fonds
- GMD
- Motion picture
- Film
- Photograph
- Album
- Photograph print
- Textual record
- Private record
- Part Of
- Clifford White fonds
- Description Level
- 1 / Fonds
- Fonds Number
- M 159
- V 682
- Sous-Fonds
- M 159
- V 682
- Accession Number
- 411, 3265, 3934, 5088, 6335, 6691, 7741
- Reference Code
- M159 / V682
- Date Range
- 1920-1992
- Physical Description
- 13 reels of motion pictures. -- 3 photograph albums: 72 prints. -- 84 photographs: prints. -- 5 textual records
- History / Biographical
- Clifford White (I), 1902-1964, skier, mountaineer and photographer was the son of Dave and Annie White, and the brother of Peter Whyte. He spent his life in the Banff area and was a pioneer in ski development in the Banff and Lake Louise areas. In 1932, he and Russell H. Bennett, J.A. Weiss and A.L. Withers skied a 300 mile route from Jasper to Lake Louise in a 20 day period. Cliff White made numerous pioneering ski expeditions including trips to Skoki, the Columbia Icefields and the Coast Range of British Columbia in 1934. Clifford was an active participant in the construction of Skoki Lodge and Mount Temple Chalet, managing Mount Temple from 1939-1945. He also participated in the development of skiing at Mount Norquay. Following World War I, Clifford helped organize the first Banff Ski Club, 1926. Cliff White married Mildred Jackson, d.1953 and they had three children - Clifford Jr., Donald, and Peter.
- Scope & Content
- Fonds consist of four separate series: A. Photograph Albums; B. Prints; C. Motion Picture; D. Written Materials. Fonds consists of 10 motion pictures pertaining mainly to skiing, particularly in the Skoki area and include 1 16mm film "Skolff" ca.1966 by Bruno Engler and 1 16mm film "Skoki" ca.1932-34 by Cliff White Sr.; 3 photograph albums pertaining mainly to skiing and Sunshine 1940s and 1960s; ca.119 photographs pertaining mainly to Clifford J. White and his brothers as children, Sunshine ski area vehicles, Joe Smith at Silver City, Mt. Waddington, skiing in the Rockies and Europe, Robin Peyto and one of Castle Mountain internment camp.
- Albums are: "Crossing the Coast Range, B. C., March-April 1934," 29 prints recording expedition; "Sunshine in the Canadian Rockies," ca.1940, produced for Brewster Transport Company and the Canadian Pacific Railway by British Photographic Laboratories, Banff, Alberta, 18 prints; and, "Sunshine Village, Photo Album," ca.1975, 26 prints, all views except one by Bruno Engler, Alpine Films, Banff, Alberta.
- Textual records include a birth certificate, 1935; letter from Hilary McDowall, 1963; 2 share certificates: Ski Club of the Canadian Rockies, 1932.
- Notes
- Skolff (snow golf) was a game invented by Bev & Cliff White at Sunshine. The Skoki film may have been one of four reels called "Skoki Mail," salvaged by Jim Santa Lucia, others destroyed. Photos in Bridle & Golfer by Cliff White Sr., cover annotated by him.
- Name Access
- White, Clifford
- Subject Access
- Exploration, discovery and travel
- Sports, recreation and leisure
- Commerce and industry
- Family and personal life
- Access Restrictions
- Some restrictions on access to originals
- Copyright, privacy, commercial use and other restrictions may apply
- Language
- Language is English
- Finding Aid
- Finding aids and reference tools: basic description
- motion picture summaries and selected video copies
- Related Material
- Clifford White photographs are also included in Peter and Catharine Whyte fonds (series: Whyte/Curren family photographs (M36/V683 - V) and Paris Tea Room photographs (V639). Some Clifford White textual material can be found in the Ski Club of the Canadian Rockies fonds (M188).
- Creator
- White, Clifford
- Category
- Exploration, discovery and travel
- Sports, recreation and leisure
- Commerce and industry
- Family and personal life
- Biographical Source Notes
- Bio file, Crag & Canyon
- Title Source
- Title based on provenance of records
- Processing Status
- Processed
This material is presented as originally created; it may contain outdated cultural descriptions and
potentially offensive content.
Read more.
David McDougall fonds
https://archives.whyte.org/en/permalink/descriptions682
- Part Of
- David McDougall fonds
- Scope & Content
- Fonds consists of six series: 1. Business Correspondence; 2. Cheques, Receipts, Invoices; 3. Personal Documents; 4. Miscellaneous; 5. Blueprints; 6. Painting. Series 1 consists of business related correspondence to various companies, individuals, and two branches of the Canadian Government. Govern…
- Date Range
- 1845-1947
- Reference Code
- M557 / V779
- Description Level
- 1 / Fonds
- GMD
- Painting
- Textual record
- Blueprint
- Private record
- Published record
- Part Of
- David McDougall fonds
- Description Level
- 1 / Fonds
- Fonds Number
- M 557
- V 779
- Sous-Fonds
- M557
- V779
- Accession Number
- 2017.8667
- Reference Code
- M557 / V779
- Date Range
- 1845-1947
- Physical Description
- 39cm of textual records. – 1 painting
- History / Biographical
- David McDougall, son of George Millward McDougall and Elizabeth Chantler McDougall, was born on May 14, 1845 in Owen Sound, Ontario. David had four siblings: John, Eliza, Lubby, and Nellie. David married Annie McKenzie in 1871 in Manitoba. Together, they had six children, including their daughter named Georgina (Georgie) Elizabeth McDougall (1872-1965). Georgina was the wife of Norman Luxton and an active member in Banff and the mother of Eleanor Georgina Luxton (1908-1995). David was an early pioneer of Calgary and Banff, who helped build both community life and their economies. While David’s father and brother were both members of the clergy and did missionary work in Morley, Alberta, David become a successful businessman. He established a general merchant store in Morley where he was a dealer in cattle, horses, furs, and curios. In addition to managing his own business block in Calgary, David also owned properties in Edmonton and Calgary. In Banff, David and Annie owned the Mount Royal Hotel for six years until they sold it to Jim Brewster in August 14, 1913. David died in December 6, 1927 and Annie died in 1939.
- Scope & Content
- Fonds consists of six series: 1. Business Correspondence; 2. Cheques, Receipts, Invoices; 3. Personal Documents; 4. Miscellaneous; 5. Blueprints; 6. Painting. Series 1 consists of business related correspondence to various companies, individuals, and two branches of the Canadian Government. Government correspondence pertains to taxes and by-laws for McDougall’s properties. Series 2 contains invoices, receipts, cheques, and bank statements pertaining to McDougall’s business and properties. Series 3 contains personal letters and legal documents. Materials includes handwritten letters, property transactions and proof of ownership on properties. Series 4 contains cheque books, Dominion Travellers’ Hotel Guide, event program featuring Commissioner Coombs and “Safety First Guarantee” slip. Series 5 contains blueprints of Mount Royal Hotel and McDougall business block, Calgary 1911. The last series consist of a painting of George Noble photograph of Banff Ave, 1929.
- Name Access
- McDougall, David
- Subject Access
- Buildings and facilities
- Commerce and industry
- Communications
- Family and personal life
- Government
- Labour
- Land, settlement and immigration
- Law and justice
- Access Restrictions
- No restriction on access. Copyright, privacy, commercial use and other restrictions may apply.
- Language
- Language is English
- Related Material
- See Luxton Family fonds
- Creator
- McDougall, David
- Biographical Source Notes
- Luxton, Eleanor G. Latch String Out. Banff: Summerthought Publishing, 2015. “The Morleyville Story.” McDougall Stoney Mission Society. http://www.mcdougallstoneymission.com/docs/The_Morleyvillle_Story.pdf
- Title Source
- Title based on provenance of fonds
- Processing Status
- Processed
This material is presented as originally created; it may contain outdated cultural descriptions and
potentially offensive content.
Read more.
Dorothy Wardle fonds
https://archives.whyte.org/en/permalink/descriptions398
- Part Of
- Dorothy Wardle fonds
- Scope & Content
- Fonds consists of two sous-fonds: M521 and V75. M521 consists of four series, 154 cm, ca.1870-2002. Series I: Dorothy Wardle Personal Papers, 69.5 cm, ca.1870-2002 (includes Dorothy's written work and research and notes related to Banff). Series II: Wardle Family, 32.5 cm, 1872-1998 (including cor…
- Date Range
- ca.1870-2002
- Reference Code
- M521 / V75
- Description Level
- 1 / Fonds
- GMD
- Photograph
- Album
- Negative
- Photograph print
- Postcard
- Transparency
- Textual record
- Private record
- Published record
- Part Of
- Dorothy Wardle fonds
- Description Level
- 1 / Fonds
- Fonds Number
- M521
- V75
- Sous-Fonds
- M521
- V75
- Accession Number
- 5296, 5391, 7504
- Reference Code
- M521 / V75
- GMD
- Photograph
- Album
- Negative
- Photograph print
- Postcard
- Transparency
- Textual record
- Private record
- Published record
- Date Range
- ca.1870-2002
- Physical Description
- 154 cm of textual records. -- 1304 photographs (1190 prints, 95 negatives, 19 transparencies). -- 6 photograph albums.
- History / Biographical
- The Wardle family was comprised of husband and wife, James Morey Wardle (June 26,1888 - May 18,1971) and Maud Leette (Roney) Wardle (May 24,1889 - December 1,1969), and their one child, Dorothy Hope Wardle (May 23,1919 - July 20,2003). James Wardle, born in Chiliwack, British Columbia, was a civil engineer and public servant. He was the Superintendent of Banff National Park from 1918-1921, Chief Engineer for Parks Canada from 1921-1935, and Deputy Minister of the Interior from 1935-1936. He is primarily known as a highway design engineer, particularly for building the Banff-Windermere, Banff-Lake Louise, and Banff-Jasper highways. He was a councillor for the Municipality of Rockcliffe Park in Ontario and he was the President of the Trail Riders of the Canadian Rockies in Banff from 1925-1929. Mount Wardle in Vermillion was named after him in 1921. James married Leette on November 4, 1913, with whom he had one child, Dorothy. Born in Calgary, Alberta, Dorothy (also known as Dot and Dorie) grew up in Banff, Alberta and Ottawa, Ontario, due to her father's position with the federal government. She was educated at the Mountain School in Banff and at the Elmwood School in Ottawa. All three family members were graduates of Queen's University in Kingston, Ontario. James graduated in 1912 with a Bachelor of Science in Engineering, Leette graduated with a Bachelor's degree, and in 1942, Dorothy also earned a Bachelor's degree. Dorothy was prominent in student life and active in athletics. In 1941, Dorothy became the first woman elected as President of the Alma Mater Society and during her academic career, Dorothy was a member of the Levana Intercollegiate Debative, University Centenary Committee, and Queen’s War Aid Commission. Dorothy spent her career as a freelance writer however, upon graduation she served as the first Secretary-In-Charge of Records at Carleton College (now Carleton University) from 1942-1944 in Ottawa and in the mid-1950s worked as a secretary for the Glenbow Foundation in Calgary. Dorothy pursued a lifelong interest in traveling, art, and antiques. Although she was fiercely proud and protective of Banff and the Park, and remained a volunteer and patron of the Whyte Museum of the Canadian Rockies, Dorothy eventually settled in Sidney, British Columbia and shared an apartment with Sheila Iris Ritchie, with whom Dorothy travelled extensively. After her death in 2003, Dorothy, "Dorie," was laid to rest alongside her parents in the Old Banff Cemetery.
- Scope & Content
- Fonds consists of two sous-fonds: M521 and V75.
- M521 consists of four series, 154 cm, ca.1870-2002. Series I: Dorothy Wardle Personal Papers, 69.5 cm, ca.1870-2002 (includes Dorothy's written work and research and notes related to Banff). Series II: Wardle Family, 32.5 cm, 1872-1998 (including correspondence with Carl Rungius and Mrs. Helen Brett, and Christmas and other greeting cards from Peter and Catharine Whyte). Series III: Queen's University, 7.5 cm, 1911-1980 (including graduation certificates for each family member and records pertaining to Dorothy's participation on the Alma Mater Society). Series IV: Travel, 44.5 cm, ca.1950-1988 (includes hand-written notebooks meticulously detailing their travels).
- V75 consists of two series, 79.5 cm, ca. 1912-2001. Series I: Wardle Family, ca. 1912-1971, 6 albums, 31 cm of photograph prints and negatives (including family trips, trail rides in the Canadian Rocky Mountains, and family gatherings). Series II: Dorothy Wardle, 1972-2001, 34 cm of photograph prints, negatives, and transparencies (including Dorothy's travels in Alberta and British Columbia, overseas, and various outings with friends).
- Name Access
- Wardle, Dorothy
- Wardle, James
- Rungius, Carl
- Brett, Helen
- Keyte, Freeman
- Hart, E. J. (Ted)
- Harkin, J. B. (James Bernard)
- Brewster, Pat
- Peyto, Bill
- Brett, Robert George
- Sanson, Norman
- White, Clifford
- Drummond-Davies, Nora
- Mills, Ike
- McLean, George
- Walking Buffalo (George McLean)
- Kaquitts, Frank
- Oxborough, Dorothy
- Whyte, Jon
- Robinson, Dean
- Warren, Mary Schaffer
- Simpson, George
- Gibbon, John Murray
- Whyte, Catharine
- Whyte, Peter
- Greenham, Margaret
- Subject Access
- Arts
- Environment
- Personal and Family Life
- Banff
- Old Banff Cemetery
- Whyte Museum of the Canadian Rockies
- Cabins
- Travel
- Picnics and picnicking
- Holidays
- Scenery
- Christmas
- Dogs
- Horses
- Mountain
- Canoes and canoeing
- Hiking
- Wildlife
- War Memorial
- Highland Games
- Bow River Bridge
- Golfing
- Anniversary
- Horseback riding
- Indigenous Peoples
- Stoney Nakoda
- Education
- Snowshoes and snowshoeing
- Banff Winter Carnival
- Banff Winter Festival
- Women
- Trails
- Trail Riders of the Canadian Rockies
- Sports and leisure
- Skiing
- European travel
- Beach
- Calgary Herald
- Geography
- Government
- Newspaper
- Politics
- Research
- Banff Public Library
- National parks and reserves
- Park policy
- Parks Canada
- Wardens
- Ya-Ha-Tinda Ranch
- Community life
- Mines and mineral resources
- History
- Immigration and homesteading
- Settlement
- Organizations
- World War II
- Biographical
- Professional and Personal Life
- Grizzly Bears
- Fire fighters
- Sunshine Village
- Teahouses
- Banff Indian Days
- Regalia
- Calgary Stampede
- Mountain guides
- Mountain School
- The Albertan
- Crag and Canyon newspaper
- Homestead Hotel
- Banff Centre
- Hot Springs
- Superintendents
- Automobiles
- Natural history
- Records
- Calendar
- Finances
- Leases
- Legal and Financial
- Property
- Recreation
- Geographic Access
- Banff
- Banff National Park
- Canmore
- Alberta
- Canada
- Canadian Rocky Mountains
- Castle Mountain
- Bankhead
- British Columbia
- Glacier National Park
- Kootenay National Park
- Silver City
- Victoria
- Scotland
- Revelstoke
- Yoho National Park
- Ottawa
- Ontario
- Prince Edward Island
- Plain of Six Glaciers
- Lake Agnes
- Lake Louise
- Lake Minnewanka
- Lake O'Hara
- Bow River
- Calgary
- Sidney
- San Francisco
- United States
- Europe
- Germany
- Switzerland
- France
- Spain
- Monaco
- Italy
- Denmark
- Austria
- Quebec
- Windermere
- New York
- Assiniboine
- Ghost River
- High River
- Quebec City
- New Brunswick
- Maine
- Great Divide
- Moraine Lake
- Maligne Lake
- Columbia Icefield
- Washington
- Philadelphia
- Atlantic City
- Larch Valley
- Cascade Mountain
- Panama
- Sulphur Mountain
- Field
- Emerald Lake
- Head Smashed In Buffalo Jump
- Takkakaw Falls
- Jasper National Park
- Athabasca Falls
- Okanagan
- Kananaskis
- Hoodoos
- Powell River
- Montreal
- Access Restrictions
- Some restriction/s on access
- Copyright, privacy, commercial use and other restrictions may apply
- Language
- Language is English
- Related Material
- Dorothy also donated artwork (by Carl Rungius) to Art and Heritage.
- James Morey Wardle fonds (Library and Archives Canada)
- Category
- Arts
- Environment
- Education
- Exploration, discovery and travel
- Family and personal life
- First nations
- Sports, recreation and leisure
- Title Source
- Title based on accession records and contents of fonds
- Processing Status
- Processed
This material is presented as originally created; it may contain outdated cultural descriptions and
potentially offensive content.
Read more.
Elmer & Grace Charlton
https://archives.whyte.org/en/permalink/descriptions664
- Part Of
- Elmer and Grace Charlton fonds
- Scope & Content
- Fonds consists of records pertaining to Elmer and Grace Charlton's business, social and recreational activities in Banff. Photographic records include ca.400 35mm slides re animals, mountain scenics, trail-riding parades, golf, winter activities, Mount Royal Hotel fire; 40 prints re Banff personal…
- Date Range
- 1923-1993
- Reference Code
- M208 / V153
- Description Level
- 1 / Fonds
- GMD
- Photograph
- Framed print
- Photograph print
- Transparency
- Textual record
- Private record
- Published record
- Part Of
- Elmer and Grace Charlton fonds
- Description Level
- 1 / Fonds
- Fonds Number
- M 208
- V 153
- Sous-Fonds
- M 208
- V 153
- Accession Number
- 7878 (unproc)
- 2021.31 (unproc)
- Reference Code
- M208 / V153
- GMD
- Photograph
- Framed print
- Photograph print
- Transparency
- Textual record
- Private record
- Published record
- Date Range
- 1923-1993
- Physical Description
- ca.841 photographs: ca.800 transparencies; 35mm, 40 prints + 1 framed. -- textual records -- 9 framed certificates and letters -- 1 plaque
- History / Biographical
- Grace Charlton (née Wheatley) was born 1912 in Bankhead, Alberta to Alice and Frank Wheatley. The family moved to Banff in the early 1920s when the Bankhead mine closed. Following graduation from school in Banff, Grace attended Henderson Business School in Calgary completing secretarial courses. She returned to Banff to work for J.D. Hansen.
- Elmer Charlton was born in Spokane, Washington, U.S.A. in 1911. Elmer completed his schooling in Calgary when his family moved there from Spokane. Elmer worked for his brother Malcolm before moving to Banff in the 1930s to work for his brother in-law George Brewster, who owned Brewster Skyline Tours. Elmer worked for George Brewster driving the daily bus from Banff to Calgary. On his return trips from Calgary, Elmer delivered the Calgary Herald newspaper to homes and businesses along the way. Elmer met Grace while he was working for Brewster and they married in 1935. Grace and Elmer had two children, Ken (b.1939) and Gary (b.1942).
- Growing up in Banff, Grace was an active skier and she and Elmer became involved with the Ski Runners of the Canadian Rockies and helped build the first lodge and rope tow. Both Grace and Elmer held executive positions with the Ski Runners of the Canadian Rockies and Elmer was a judge at the ski-jump event for the North American Ski championships, 1948-1950. Grace and Elmer were also active golfers. Grace served on the ladies' executive of the Banff Springs Golf Club and won many club tournaments. Elmer was also an active member of the Banff Springs Golf Club, holding executive positions with the men's club at various times. Elmer was a member of the Banff Curling Club and both he and Grace were involved with the Banff Winter Carnival in the early years. Elmer worked on the construction of the Highway between the park gates and Banff and also found work on the sets of a number of movies filmed in Banff. Elmer worked on the soundstages, appeared as an extra and was a driver for the casts of the films "Lassie Come Home", "North West Stampede", "Saskatchewan", and "River of No Return." In 1949 Elmer and Grace built Charlton's Cedar Court, the first year round motel. It opened with four units and expanded to twenty units before their son Gary took over management of the motel in 1969. Grace and Elmer became members of the Banff Chamber of Commerce and Elmer served as president. Elmer was a life member of the Banff Kinsmen Club and Banff Rotary Club. Grace was a life member of the IODE and the Eastern Star Lodge. Grace died in 1998 and Elmer in 2000.
- Scope & Content
- Fonds consists of records pertaining to Elmer and Grace Charlton's business, social and recreational activities in Banff. Photographic records include ca.400 35mm slides re animals, mountain scenics, trail-riding parades, golf, winter activities, Mount Royal Hotel fire; 40 prints re Banff personalities, skiing, golfing, social gatherings; 1 framed photograph of actor Jack Oakie.
- Textual records consist of Banff Springs Golf Club papers, 1923-1960s (largely collected by Dr. E. Kennedy) including Canadian Golfer May 1925 with article on donation of Prince of Wales trophy; bylaws and constitution, 1923 & 1931; correspondence re Prince of Wales trophy, 1924; scorecards & advertising brochures re BSGC; competition recordbook, 1950s & 1960s.
- Also included in textual records are Grace Charlton's organizations including 2 National Parks School District scribblers re fashion show, 1940; history of IODE; IODE provincial reports, 1989; Star cookbook, 1947; Exercises in Grammar, 1928.
- Textual records also include Dominion Ski Championships materials including programs, 1938; screenplay "Saskatchewan", Universal-International Pictures, July 8, 1953; miscellaneous programs & brochures, 1935-1980s; miscellaneous newspaper clippings, 1930s-1980s; Rangeman's Dinner programs and menus, 1968-1992; golf file containing brochures, scorecards, Ladies' Division Rule Book, 1985; History of Events and Competitions of the BSGC - Ladies Division, 1985; correspondence re death of Patricia Christensen at Marble Canyon, 1954; and miscellaneous leaseholder/land use documents.
- Fonds also includes 9 framed certificates and letters and one plaque, pertaining to Elmer Charlton's involvement in the Banff Kinsmen's Club, the Rotary Club of Banff, Banff Springs Golf Course, and Grace and Elmer's golden wedding anniversary.
- Name Access
- Charlton, Elmer
- Charlton, Grace
- Subject Access
- Commerce and industry
- Family and personal life
- Sports, recreation and leisure
- Environment
- Geographic Access
- Canada
- Alberta
- Banff
- Language
- Language is English
- Finding Aid
- No finding aid
- Creator
- Charlton, Elmer & Grace
- Biographical Source Notes
- We Live in a Postcard: Banff Family Histories (Banff: Banff History Book Committee, 2005)
- Title Source
- Title based on contents of fonds
- Processing Status
- Processed / Unprocessed
This material is presented as originally created; it may contain outdated cultural descriptions and
potentially offensive content.
Read more.
Gertie and John Hartefeld fonds
https://archives.whyte.org/en/permalink/descriptions647
- Part Of
- Gertie and John Hartefeld fonds
- Scope & Content
- Fonds consists of photographs pertaining to skiing in Canada and Europe, family, and the Banff Ski Team, and include Hans Gmoser ski trips, ca.1960 and beginner ski instruction, ca.1950. 15 postcards relate to local areas, ca.1940-1955, some by Byron Harmon; 50 European postcards, 1940-1955. Motio…
- Date Range
- ca.1923-1997
- Reference Code
- M241 / V417
- Description Level
- 1 / Fonds
- GMD
- Motion picture
- Film
- Photograph
- Negative
- Photograph print
- Postcard
- Transparency
- Textual record
- Private record
- Published record
- Part Of
- Gertie and John Hartefeld fonds
- Description Level
- 1 / Fonds
- Fonds Number
- M 241
- V 417
- Sous-Fonds
- M 241
- V 417
- Accession Number
- 7569 (unproc)
- Reference Code
- M241 / V417
- GMD
- Motion picture
- Film
- Photograph
- Negative
- Photograph print
- Postcard
- Transparency
- Textual record
- Private record
- Published record
- Date Range
- ca.1923-1997
- Physical Description
- ca.525 photographs: ca.348 negatives, 24 transparencies, ca.87 [+ ca.1500 35mm contact prints] prints, ca.65 postcards. -- 12 motion pictures: 8mm film. -- ca.2 cm textual records
- History / Biographical
- John Hartefeld was born Johann Hartefeld in 1915 in Stettin, Poland (Germany). He studied physical education and manual arts from 1930 to 1933 and taught at a boys school in Berlin-Spandau from 1939 to 1945. Hartefeld moved to Garmish Partenkirchen, Germany where he worked as a ski instructor, sports teacher and faltboat (watercraft) instructor and guide.
- Gertrud Vinzenzia Sattler was born in 1920 in Wilkischen, Czechoslovakia and attended business college and language school in Prague, earning a certificate as a bilingual secretary in English and German. From 1945 to 1953 Gertrud Sattler worked for the U.S. Army in Garmish Partenkirchen as a secretary, bookkeeper and interpreter. She met John Hartefeld in Garmish Partenkirchen and together they immigrated to Canada in 1953 and settled in Toronto, Ontario.
- Gertie and John married in Toronto in 1953 and moved to Banff, Alberta settling at 213 Bear Street. In 1963, John and Gertie moved into their new home at 340 Muskrat Street, a house built by John. John Hartefeld earned his Alberta Journeyman's Certificate in Carpentry in 1958 and completed his B.Ed in Industrial Arts in the Faculty of Education in 1966 by attending summer schools and through correspondence courses with Queen's University and the University of Calgary. He taught at the Banff High School from 1957 to 1979 and was instrumental in designing and assembling the industrial arts shop at the Banff High School in 1962. John Hartefeld gave ski lessons to school-age students at Mount Norquay and he designed and built the wrought iron chandeliers and wall lamps in his home and also at the Bugaboo, Cariboo, and Bobbie Burns lodges. John enjoyed fishing, windsurfing, and building his own windsurfing boards for sailing at Vermillion Lakes. John Hartefeld died in a bicycle accident on Norquay Road in June 1997.
- From 1953 to 1959 Gertie worked for J.D. Hansen of Banff doing insurance, real estate and legal work. From 1959 to 1964 Gertie worked for Dermod Owen-Flood, Barristers and Solicitors as a legal secretary and bookkeeper and from 1963 to 1966 she worked for Nesbitt, Beaumont et al. Barristers and Solicitors. Gertie provided secretarial and bookkeeping services for Rocky Mountain Guides (now CMH) from 1966 to 1968 and from 1962 to 1975, she worked as an insurance and real estate agent and was an officer of Banff Insurance Services Ltd. In 1975, Gertie became an insurance consultant for CMH. Gertie Hartefeld enjoyed skiing, fishing, cooking, and tennis. She was an accomplished weaver and a member of the Harvie Heights Weavers Guild. Her garments could be purchased at The Quest in Banff. Gertie Hartefeld died in 2002.
- Scope & Content
- Fonds consists of photographs pertaining to skiing in Canada and Europe, family, and the Banff Ski Team, and include Hans Gmoser ski trips, ca.1960 and beginner ski instruction, ca.1950. 15 postcards relate to local areas, ca.1940-1955, some by Byron Harmon; 50 European postcards, 1940-1955. Motion pictures pertain to skiing at Norquay, Lake Louise, and Mount Assiniboine as well as landscapes and wildlife, 1967-1980. Textual records include marriage, citizenship and education certificates, passport, immigration papers, letters, and newspaper clippings, ca.1940-1997.
- Name Access
- Hartefeld, Gertie
- Hartefeld, John
- Subject Access
- Commerce and industry
- Environment
- Sports, recreation and leisure
- Language
- Language is English
- Finding Aid
- No finding aid
- Creator
- Hartefeld, Gertie and John
- Biographical Source Notes
- Margaret Gmoser
- Title Source
- Title based on contents of fonds
- Processing Status
- Unprocessed
This material is presented as originally created; it may contain outdated cultural descriptions and
potentially offensive content.
Read more.
Glenn Tooke fonds
https://archives.whyte.org/en/permalink/descriptions660
- Part Of
- Glenn Tooke fonds
- Scope & Content
- Fonds consists of photographs, 1963-1995, pertaining to landscape, buildings, Banff townsite, wildlife, sports, stage productions, advertising and some commercial images. Textual records pertain to filing system and include index cards of images as well as ski race results, 1970.
- Date Range
- [1963]-1995
- Reference Code
- M150 / V750
- Description Level
- 1 / Fonds
- GMD
- Motion picture
- Film
- Photograph
- Album
- Negative
- Photograph print
- Transparency
- Textual record
- Private record
- Published record
- Part Of
- Glenn Tooke fonds
- Description Level
- 1 / Fonds
- Fonds Number
- M 150
- V 750
- Sous-Fonds
- M 150
- V 750
- Accession Number
- 2607, 7362 (unproc)
- Reference Code
- M150 / V750
- GMD
- Motion picture
- Film
- Photograph
- Album
- Negative
- Photograph print
- Transparency
- Textual record
- Private record
- Published record
- Date Range
- [1963]-1995
- Physical Description
- ca.25,035 photographs: negatives; 35mm; 6x6 cm, transparencies; 35mm; 6x6 cm; 10x12.5 cm, prints, contact sheets. -- 3 photograph albums. -- 38 film reels: 33 - 8mm, 5 - 16mm. -- 10.5 cm textual records.
- History / Biographical
- Glenn Tooke, 1930-1996, moved to Banff, Alberta from Edmonton with his wife Shirley in 1961. Glenn managed Banff Camera, Rundle Photo and Cascade Studio and in 1964, he and Shirley purchased the Banff A&W. In 1969, they opened and operated the restaurant Joshua's, in partnership with Werner Peschl and in 1970, they opened an art gallery that showcased Alberta artists and offered custom framing. During this time, Glenn and Rob Lefroy rented the Banff Avenue Auditorium (presently Parks Canada Information Centre) and held public dances with live bands on the weekends. In 1979, Shirley and Bob Kinzie established a professional theatre company called Any Space Theatre. With contract actors, musicians and playwrights, they presented their plays in many locations within Banff, Lake Louise, Calgary, and Edmonton. Glenn assisted in designing and building the sets, and provided all the photography for promoting the productions. Having divided their time between Banff and Calgary during the 1970s and early 1980s, Glenn and Shirley permanently settled in Banff in 1984 and re-established their gallery. In 1986, they opened Jump Start, a specialty coffee shop. Shirley and Glenn have two children, Robert and Tamara.
- Scope & Content
- Fonds consists of photographs, 1963-1995, pertaining to landscape, buildings, Banff townsite, wildlife, sports, stage productions, advertising and some commercial images. Textual records pertain to filing system and include index cards of images as well as ski race results, 1970.
- Name Access
- Tooke, Glenn
- Subject Access
- Commerce and industry
- Buildings and facilities
- Arts
- Sports, recreation and leisure
- Environment
- Language
- Language is English
- Finding Aid
- No finding aid
- Creator
- Tooke, Glenn
- Biographical Source Notes
- We Live in A Postcard: Banff Family Histories (Banff: Banff History Book Commitee, 2005).
- Title Source
- Title based on provenance of fonds
- Processing Status
- Unprocessed
This material is presented as originally created; it may contain outdated cultural descriptions and
potentially offensive content.
Read more.