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Alpine Club of Canada fonds

https://archives.whyte.org/en/permalink/descriptions92
Part Of
Alpine Club of Canada fonds
Scope & Content
Fonds constitutes the principal resource for the study of the history of Canadian mountaineering. It provides a wealth of information on individual alpinists, expeditions, mountains, national parks, conservation, climbing, alpine organizations, publications, guiding, scientific study and the Alpin…
Date Range
1906-2017
Reference Code
M200 / S6 / V14
Description Level
1 / Fonds
GMD
Motion picture
Film
Video
Photograph
Album
Negative
Photograph print
Postcard
Transparency
Sound recording
Cassette
Textual record
Organization record
Part Of
Alpine Club of Canada fonds
Description Level
1 / Fonds
Fonds Number
M 200
S 6
V 14
Sous-Fonds
M200
S6
V14
Accession Number
698, 1040 (unproc), 1224, 1299 (unproc), 1807, 1813, 2141 (unproc), 2376 (unproc), 3160 (unproc), 3296 (unproc), 3298 (unproc), 3382 (unproc), 3560 (unproc), 3757 (unproc), 3970 (unproc), 5012, 5114, 5200, 5215 (unproc), 5330 (unproc), 5343, 5357, 5396 (unproc), 5438, 5454, 5455, 5456, 5457, 5458, 5459, 5460, 5461, 5462 (unproc), 5463 (unproc), 5464, 5465, 5466, 5474, 5538 (unproc), 5541, 5569 (unproc), 5591 (unproc), 5592, 5605, 5631 (unproc), 5632, 5633, 5634, 5635 (unproc), 5680 (unproc), 5724, 5950, 6062 (unproc), 6332, 6337, 6375, 6376 (unproc), 6396, 6437, 6451, 6457 (unproc), 6459 (unproc), 6465 (unproc), 6470 (unproc), 6623 (unproc), 6624, 6625, 6626, 6627 (unproc), 6628, 6765 (unproc), 6766 (unproc), 6767 (unproc), 7774 (unproc), 7779 (unproc), 8002 (unproc), 2021.32 (unproc)
Reference Code
M200 / S6 / V14
GMD
Motion picture
Film
Video
Photograph
Album
Negative
Photograph print
Postcard
Transparency
Sound recording
Cassette
Textual record
Organization record
Date Range
1906-2017
Physical Description
ca.42 m of textual records. -- ca.12,500 photographs: prints, stereographic prints, transparencies, slides, negatives, postcards. -- 85 photograph albums. -- 8 motion pictures: films, video recordings. -- 3 sound recordings
History / Biographical
The Alpine Club of Canada, the national mountaineering club, was co-founded in 1906 by A. O. Wheeler and Elizabeth Parker, and other like-minded climbers. The club espoused scientific study and exploration, cultivation of art, public education, acquisition of climbing skills, and preservation of natural areas within the mountainous regions of Canada. Through a national executive, local sections and volunteer committees, the club provided climbing camps, clubhouse, huts, and publications, including the Canadian Alpine Journal. ACC expeditions and projects resulted in pioneer exploration, first ascents, and included mountain warfare training during the Second World War. In recent years, the club's membership has increased dramatically with the popularity of climbing and its programs have evolved to serve the needs of unguided climbers using sophisticated technical aids.
Scope & Content
Fonds constitutes the principal resource for the study of the history of Canadian mountaineering. It provides a wealth of information on individual alpinists, expeditions, mountains, national parks, conservation, climbing, alpine organizations, publications, guiding, scientific study and the Alpine Club itself.
The fonds consists of four Sous-fonds: I. Alpine Club of Canada records; II. Mount Everest Expedition (1982) records; III. Personal papers and photographs; IV. Other material. Club administration records (series I.A.) pertain to executive positions; head office; finance; camps, climbing and treks; expeditions; huts and properties; clubhouses; library; publications; photography; other committees; other activities; and other. Other club records include section records (series I.B.), hut registers and summit records (series I.C.).
Name Access
Alpine Club of Canada
Subject Access
Environment
Exploration, discovery and travel
Sports, recreation and leisure
Access Restrictions
Some restriction/s on access
Copyright, privacy, commercial use and other restrictions may apply
Language
Language is English
Finding Aid
Finding aids and reference tools: sous-fonds, series and sub-series description
electronic finding aid for processed material
Creator
Alpine Club of Canada
Category
Environment
Exploration, discovery and travel
Sports, recreation and leisure
Title Source
Title based on contents of fonds
Processing Status
Processed / Unprocessed
Less detail
This material is presented as originally created; it may contain outdated cultural descriptions and potentially offensive content. Read more.
Part Of
Alpine Club of Canada fonds
Scope & Content
Sub-series of hut registers from the Bow Hut produced by the Alpine Club of Canada between 1968 and 2019. Registers include entries from visitors to the huts which pertain to individuals' hiking and climbing trips; details of specific events which occurred while staying at the hut, wildlife sightin…
Date Range
1968 - 1977
1983 - 2006
2010 - 2023
Reference Code
M200 / IV / F
Description Level
4 / Sub-series
GMD
Textual record
Organization record
Part Of
Alpine Club of Canada fonds
Description Level
4 / Sub-series
Fonds Number
M200
V14
S6
Series
M200 / IV: Hut Registers
Sous-Fonds
M200
Sub-Series
M200 / IV / F: Bow Hut Registers
Accession Number
accn. 2023.32
accn. 2023.15
accn. 2023.20
accn. 2014.8293
accn. 2023.19
accn. 8002
accn. 7779
accn. 2023.10
accn. 6465
accn. 6623
accn. 6766
accn. 2376
accn. 3296
accn. 3970
accn. 5215
accn. 2023.06
accn. 2024.20
Reference Code
M200 / IV / F
GMD
Textual record
Organization record
Responsibility
Registers produced by the Alpine Club of Canada
Date Range
1968 - 1977
1983 - 2006
2010 - 2023
Physical Description
66 cm of textual records (34 volumes)
History / Biographical
According to the Alpine Club of Canada website and their Backcountry Huts: Bow Hut Info Sheet: "The original Bow Hut project was initiated by Peter Fuhrmann, funded by Peter and Catharine Whyte and was constructed in 1968 by members of various groups including the Calgary Ski Club and the ACC. The hut was built near Bow Glacier to facilitate ski tourers and mountaineers entering the Wapta via Bow Lake, the easiest and most natural route to the icefields. Fiberglass igloos had been established at both the Peyto Glacier and Balfour Pass in the years prior, and with the building of a deluxe 14-person facility at a location between the two, the vision of a system of huts on the Wapta/Waputik Icefields was taking shape. None of those responsible for the project, however, could have predicted the amount of use and the level of abuse that the original Bow Hut would endure. The hut was abused from the beginning, and saw very little regular maintenance or upkeep. By the 1980s the place was a total hole. The hut was used as a flop house, the snow within several hundred feet of the hut had been contaminated by the outhouses and by indiscriminate waste disposal, and some estimates put the number of users per year at 7,000 (19 people per night at a facility which was built to sleep 14!). The hut which was described upon its completion as the “the Ritz” had metamorphosed into the “Bow Ghetto”. By the mid-1980s it was evident that the facility required radical change. In 1989, under the direction of the ACC’s Huts Committee Chairman Mike Mortimer, that radical change took place. The original hut had been built on a site which was non-porous and therefore had no drainage – a problem that led to the contaminated water and snow. Plans were made for a new hut in a more environmentally sensitive location and fund-raising began. The new Bow Hut was constructed for $98,000, raised primarily through the Calgary and Edmonton sections of the Club. Design concerns in the new hut included proper waste disposal, spacious and bright common areas and sleeping rooms which were both increased in size from the original hut and separated from the common areas to facilitate use by may groups at one time. The palatial new Bow Hut was opened in the fall of 1989 to rave reviews and is presently operated by the ACC. The hut today is a far cry from the original Balfour and Peyto fiberglass igloos, which a Banff Warden predicted in the late ’60s “will only serve the few hardy ski mountaineers who can accept the hardships of carrying and skiing with heavy loads and are willing to put up with discomfort during the night in bad weather”. It’s an even further cry from the abused state of the original Bow Hut and now serves as a stopover for many summer and winter trips."
Scope & Content
Sub-series of hut registers from the Bow Hut produced by the Alpine Club of Canada between 1968 and 2019. Registers include entries from visitors to the huts which pertain to individuals' hiking and climbing trips; details of specific events which occurred while staying at the hut, wildlife sightings, custodial issues and updates, and related topics. The sub-series is separated into individual hut registers, arranged by date:
M200 / IV / F / 1: Bow Glacier Hut [1968 - 1971 register]
M200 / IV / F / 2: Bow Glacier Hut Register [1971 - 1973]
M200 / IV / F / 3: Bow Glacier Hut Register [1973 -1975]
M200 / IV / F / 4: Bow Hut register [1975 -1977]
M200 / IV / F / 5: Bow Hut [register 1983 - 1984]
M200 / IV / F / 6: Bow Hut Register [1984-1986]
M200 / IV / F / 7: [Bow Hut Register Dec. 17, 1986 - June 19, 1989]
M200 / IV / F / 8: Bow Hut [1989 - 1991]
M200 / IV / F / 9: Bow Hut 1991 - 1993
M200 / IV / F / 10: [Bow Hut Registers 1992 - 94]
M200 / IV / F / 11: "Bow Hut Register" Sept. 30, 1994 - Aug. 28, 1995
M200 / IV / F / 12: Bow Hut Register Sept. 16, 1995 - June 27, 1996
M200 / IV / F / 13: [Bow Hut Dec. 1995 - March 2000 Register]
M200 / IV / F / 14: Bow Hut Register June 29, 1996 - Mar 29, 1997
M200 / IV / F / 15: Bow Hut register Mar 29, 1997 - Nov. 14, 1997
M200 / IV / F / 16: "Bow Hut Register" November 24, 1997 - September 26, 1998
M200 / IV / F / 17: Bow Hut Register [2000 - 2001]
M200 / IV / F / 18: Bow Hut Register [2001 - 2002]
M200 / IV / F / 19: Bow Hut Apr 18, 2002 - Feb 24, 2003
M200 / IV / F / 20: Bow Hut Apr 8, 2003 - July 18, 2004
M200 / IV / F / 21: Bow Hut July 18, 2004 - Aug 4, 2004
M200 / IV / F / 22: Bow Hut Register 2004 - 2006
M200 / IV / F / 23: Bow Hut Register 2006
M200 / IV / F / 24: Bow Hut Register April 2009 - August 2010
M200 / IV / F / 25: 2010 - 2012 Bow Hut Register
M200 / IV / F / 26: Bow Hut 2012 - 2014
M200 / IV / F / 27: Bow Hut Register [2014/15]
M200 / IV / F / 28: Hut Register Bow Hut [2015-2016]
M200 / IV / F / 29: Bow Hut Register, 2016 - 2018
M200 / IV / F / 30: Bow Hut Register 2018-2019
M200 / IV / F / 31: [100 YR SWISS CENTENNIAL CLIMB 1999: Faye Summit notes. Bow Hut OCT - DEC 1998]
M200 / IV / F / 32: Bow Hut Register [2018-2020]
M200 / IV / F / 33: Bow Hut Register [2021-2022]
M200 / IV / F / 34: Bow Hut Register [2022-2023]
Name Access
Alpine Club of Canada
Subject Access
Huts
Cabins
Cabins and shelters
Environment
Environment and Nature
Mountain
Mountaineering
Parks
Parks Canada
Sports and recreation
Winter sports
Geographic Access
Canada
Bow Glacier
Banff National Park
Lake Louise, AB
Access Restrictions
Restrictions may apply
Reproduction Restrictions
Contains personal information
Language
English
French
German
Spanish
Related Material
M200 / V / A / 156
Category
Environment
Exploration and travel
Sports, recreation and leisure
Biographical Source Notes
The Alpine Club of Canada website: https://www.alpineclubofcanada.ca/bow-hut/ The Alpine Club of Canada Backcountry Huts: Bow Hut Info Sheet pdf: https://www.alpineclubofcanada.ca/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/BowHut-InfoSheet.pdf
Title Source
Title based on contents of sub-series
Processing Status
Processed
Less detail
This material is presented as originally created; it may contain outdated cultural descriptions and potentially offensive content. Read more.

Bon Echo Hut Registers

https://archives.whyte.org/en/permalink/descriptions57649
Part Of
Alpine Club of Canada fonds
Scope & Content
Sub-series of hut registers from the Bon Echo Hut produced by the Alpine Club of Canada between 1964 and 2006. Registers include entries from visitors to the huts which pertain to individuals' hiking and climbing trips; details of specific events which occurred while staying at the hut, wildlife si…
Date Range
1964-2006
Reference Code
M200 / IV / L
Description Level
4 / Sub-series
GMD
Textual record
Organization record
Part Of
Alpine Club of Canada fonds
Description Level
4 / Sub-series
Fonds Number
M200
V14
S6
Series
M200 / IV: Hut Registers
Sous-Fonds
M200
Sub-Series
M200 / IV / L: Bon Echo Hut Registers
Accession Number
accn. 7779
accn. 2014.8278
Reference Code
M200 / IV / L
GMD
Textual record
Organization record
Responsibility
Registers produced by Alpine Club of Canada
Date Range
1964-2006
Physical Description
25 cm of textual records 8 volumes
History / Biographical
According to the Alpine Club of Canada website: "The rock climbing at Mazinaw Lake is some of the finest in Ontario. The area boasts quartzite cliffs up to 100m high that rise vertically out of the lake. The routes are all traditional and range in grades from 5.0 to 5.11, with the most popular routes in the 5.4 to 5.9 range. The exposure and length of the routes make for an adventure unlike any other in the province. The Bon Echo Hut on the lake is operated by the Toronto Section which also operates a boat to ferry climbers to and from the climbs. The hut is comfortable and an excellent place to meet other climbers and get information on the climbs. The area also offers excellent swimming and hiking. The hut is a single-room wooden structure with a fireplace and kitchen equipped with propane stoves and a large dining table. There is a sauna located near the lake. The hut is not used for sleeping, but is a day hut and cook shelter for those staying at the campsites immediately adjacent to the hut. Bon Echo is located approximately 300 km north east of Toronto on the east side of Mazinaw Lake, a mile north of the Mazinaw Rock and Bon Echo Provincial Park. The drive to the public dock takes three to four hours from Toronto or one and a half hours from Ottawa. The hut can be reached by hiking overland, but this would take an entire day. Boating to the hut is much more convenient."
Scope & Content
Sub-series of hut registers from the Bon Echo Hut produced by the Alpine Club of Canada between 1964 and 2006. Registers include entries from visitors to the huts which pertain to individuals' hiking and climbing trips; details of specific events which occurred while staying at the hut, wildlife sightings, custodial issues and updates, and related topics. The sub-series is separated into individual hut registers, arranged by date:
M200 / IV / L / 1: [Bon Echo - register Jan 28, 1964 - Nov. 25, 1967]
M200 / IV / L / 2: [Bon Echo hut register Feb. 24, 1968 - Aug. 27, 1972]
M200 / IV / L / 3: Bon Echo hut book #3 Sept 23, 1972 - Aug. 27, 1978
M200 / IV / L / 4: Bon Echo Hut book #4 Sept. 2, 1978 - July 13, 1984.
M200 / IV / L / 5: [Bon Echo Hut Register] July 14, 1984 - Apr 20, 1987
M200 / IV / L / 6: ACC Bon Echo Log Hut book #6 May 9, 1987 - July 4, 1993
M200 / IV / L / 7: [Bon Echo Hut Register] vol. 7 July 9, 1993 - Aug. 24, 1997
M200 / IV / L / 8: Bon Echo Hut Register 1998-2006
Notes
M200 / IV / L / 3: Bon Echo hut book #3 Sept 23, 1972 - Aug. 27, 1978 included a colour photographic print that has been separated into V14 / III / C / PA under the same title: Bon Echo hut book #3 Sept 23, 1972 - Aug. 27, 1978. The print was found loose inside the hut register. M200 / IV / L / 6: ACC Bon Echo Log Hut book #6 May 9, 1987 - July 4, 1993 included a photographic print that has been separated into V14 / III / C / PA under the same title: ACC Bon Echo Log Hut book #6 May 9, 1987 - July 4, 1993. The print was found loose inside the hut register. M200 / IV / L / 8: Bon Echo Hut Register 1998-2006 contained loose bird feathers that have been removed from page 173.
Name Access
Alpine Club of Canada
Subject Access
Huts
Cabins and shelters
Alpine Club of Canada
Birds
Boats
Buildings and facilities
Climbing
Environment
Environment and Nature
Hiking
Mountaineering
Property
Sports and leisure
Sports and recreation
Swimming
Geographic Access
Canada
Ontario
Toronto
Mazinaw Lake
Bon Echo Provincial Park
Access Restrictions
Restrictions may apply
Language
English
French
Spanish
German
Conservation
Some hut registers contain loose pages. Some book/register bindings are broken.
Category
Environment
Exploration and travel
Sports, recreation and leisure
Biographical Source Notes
The Alpine Club of Canada website: https://www.alpineclubofcanada.ca/bon-echo-hut-toronto-section/
Title Source
Title based on contents of sub-series
Processing Status
Processed
Less detail
This material is presented as originally created; it may contain outdated cultural descriptions and potentially offensive content. Read more.

Fairy Meadows/Bill Putnam Hut Registers

https://archives.whyte.org/en/permalink/descriptions57650
Part Of
Alpine Club of Canada fonds
Scope & Content
Sub-series of hut registers from the Bill Putnam / Fairy Meadows Hut produced by the Alpine Club of Canada between 1983 and 2016. Registers include entries from visitors to the huts which pertain to individuals' hiking and climbing trips; details of specific events which occurred while staying at t…
Date Range
1983-2016
Reference Code
M200 / IV / M
Description Level
4 / Sub-series
GMD
Textual record
Organization record
Part Of
Alpine Club of Canada fonds
Description Level
4 / Sub-series
Fonds Number
M200
V14
S6
Series
M200 / IV: Hut Registers
Sous-Fonds
M200
Sub-Series
M200 / IV / M: Fairy Meadows/Bill Putnam Hut Registers
Accession Number
accn. 2014.8293
accn. 2023.20
accn. 8002
accn. 5635
accn. 6766
accn. 2023.10
accn. 7779
Reference Code
M200 / IV / M
GMD
Textual record
Organization record
Responsibility
Registers produced by Alpine Club of Canada
Date Range
1983-2016
Physical Description
20 cm of textual records 8 volumes
History / Biographical
According to the Alpine Club of Canada's website: "Built in 1965 by the ACC as a project proposed and largely overseen by William Putnam, the hut has since seen extensive renovations which have transformed the two-storey wooden building into a deluxe backcountry destination. With a complete propane system which includes an oven for baking, a very efficient wood stove and a fully stocked cooking area, comfort is guaranteed. There is sleeping space for 20 on the second level and a spacious common room with adequate space for hanging gear. A large and very hot wood-burning sauna is an absolute treat on those clear, cold winter nights! [...] Fairy Meadow is one of the great backcountry ski destinations in North America, with outstanding ski mountaineering and ski touring. In summer the hut is a base for excellent granite mountaineering. The hut is well equipped with a wood sauna, extensive kitchen and bunks. Access is via Helicopter or a very long and very difficult hike (hiking is absolutely not recommended). The Great Cairn Hut is a day’s mountaineering travel to the south." The ACC's Backcountry Huts: Bill Putnam (Fairy Meadows) Info Sheet states: "In 1965, the Fairy Meadow Hut was constructed by the Alpine Club of Canada as a project proposed and overseen by Bill Putnam. In 1973 the first structure, which was woefully inadequate for the heavy snowfall of the area, was totally renovated and enlarged, a project once again largely funded and overseen by Bill Putnam. Bill Putnam devoted his life to the mountains. He was the President of the American Alpine Club for years and was on their Board of Directors for decades. Putnam has also contributed heavily to Canadian mountaineering history. He spent half a lifetime exploring the Selkirks, Purcells and Rocky Mountains, and took part in writing guidebooks for the same areas (Rocky Mountains of Canada – South and North, Columbia Mountains of Canada – Central, and West and South). In addition to these, he has written several history books about the same mountains. The hut is regularly used in the winter months for ski camps, both by the national Club as well as by various Club sections. The Club’s General Mountaineering Camp, although not utilizing the hut itself, has been held in the Fairy Meadow area on three separate occasions since 1981. The hut renovations in the summer on 1992 included complete gutting and refurbishing of the interior, new outhouses and the addition of a propane stove. The hut is presently in excellent condition".
Scope & Content
Sub-series of hut registers from the Bill Putnam / Fairy Meadows Hut produced by the Alpine Club of Canada between 1983 and 2016. Registers include entries from visitors to the huts which pertain to individuals' hiking and climbing trips; details of specific events which occurred while staying at the hut, wildlife sightings, custodial issues and updates, and related topics. The sub-series is separated into individual hut registers, arranged by date:
M200 / IV / M / 1: Fairy Meadow's Hut Registration 1983 to 1988
M200 / IV / M / 2: [Fairy Meadows Hut Register 1989 - 1994]
M200 / IV / M / 3: Fairy Meadow Hut register Apr. 2, 1994 - Aug. 25, 1997
M200 / IV / M / 4: Fairy Meadow Hut [1997-2001]
M200 / IV / M / 5: Fairy Meadows March 10, 2001 - May 23, 2003 (Bill Putnam)
M200 / IV / M / 6: Bill Putnam Hut Register 2003 -2007 [Formerly Fairy Meadow Hut]
M200 / IV / M / 7: 2007 - 2010 Fairy Meadows Hut Register
M200 / IV / M / 8: Bill Putnam (Fairy Meadow) Hut Registry
Name Access
Alpine Club of Canada
Subject Access
Environment
Environment and Nature
Alpine Club of Canada
Backpacking
Backcountry skiing
British Columbia
Revelstoke
Huts
Cabins
Cabins and shelters
Buildings
Buildings and facilities
Camps
Construction
Geographic Access
Canada
British Columbia
Selkirks
Revelstoke
Access Restrictions
Restrictions may apply
Language
English
French
German
Japanese
Spanish
Conservation
Some registers contain loose pages. Some book/register bindings are fraying.
Category
Environment
Exploration and travel
Sports, recreation and leisure
Biographical Source Notes
Alpine Club of Canada website: https://www.alpineclubofcanada.ca/bill-putnam-fairy-meadow-hut/ Alpine Club of Canada Backcountry Huts: Bill Putnam (Fairy Meadows) Info Sheet: https://www.alpineclubofcanada.ca/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/FMHut-InfoSheet.pdf
Title Source
Title based on contents of sub-series
Processing Status
Processed
Less detail
This material is presented as originally created; it may contain outdated cultural descriptions and potentially offensive content. Read more.

Neil Colgan Hut Registers

https://archives.whyte.org/en/permalink/descriptions57653
Part Of
Alpine Club of Canada fonds
Scope & Content
Sub-series of hut registers from the Neil Colgan Hut produced by the Alpine Club of Canada between 1982 and 2003. Registers include entries from visitors to the huts which pertain to individuals' hiking and climbing trips; details of specific events which occurred while staying at the hut, wildlife…
Date Range
1982-2003
Reference Code
M200 / IV / P
Description Level
4 / Sub-series
GMD
Textual record
Organization record
Part Of
Alpine Club of Canada fonds
Description Level
4 / Sub-series
Fonds Number
M200
V14
S6
Series
M200 / IV: Hut Registers
Sous-Fonds
M200
Sub-Series
M200 / IV / P: Neil Colgan Hut Registers
Accession Number
accn. 5591
accn. 2023.10
accn. 7779
Reference Code
M200 / IV / P
GMD
Textual record
Organization record
Responsibility
Registers produced by Alpine Club of Canada
Date Range
1982-2003
Physical Description
13 cm of textual records 4 volumes
History / Biographical
According to the Alpine Club of Canada's website, "the Neil Colgan Hut is the highest permanent, habitable structure in Canada", and it is located in the Valley of the Ten Peaks. The hut sits at 9,700 ft, and is within distance of Mounts Little, Bowlen, Fay and Quadra. The hut accommodates 18 people and includes propane stoves and lanterns. According to the Alpine Club of Canada's Backcountry Huts: Neil Colgan Hut: Info Sheet: "Second to the scene of Lake Louise set against the backdrop of Mt. Victoria, Moraine Lake is perhaps the most photographed and best known mountain scene in the Canadian Rockies. The area behind the first row of peaks which can be seen from the lake provides excellent alpine climbing on snow and ice routes, and makes an ideal location for a high altitude climbing hut. The area saw its first hut in 1964 when the Calgary Mountain Club erected a hut at the top of the couloir between peaks 3 and 3 ½. This original hut was named for Graham Cooper, who died while descending after the construction of the hut. The hut was in a poor position, however, because it encouraged use of the couloir as an access route to the hut. By the late 1980s the couloir had seen many rockfall accidents and several fatalities. The hut was dismantled and replaced by the Neil Colgan Hut in 1983. Neil Colgan was a warden in Banff National Park when he died from injuries sustained in a horse accident in the backcountry. The hut was largely funded by his family in his name."
Scope & Content
Sub-series of hut registers from the Neil Colgan Hut produced by the Alpine Club of Canada between 1982 and 2003. Registers include entries from visitors to the huts which pertain to individuals' hiking and climbing trips; details of specific events which occurred while staying at the hut, wildlife sightings, custodial issues and updates, and related topics. The sub-series is separated into individual hut registers, arranged by date:
M200 / IV / P / 1: [Neil Colgan hut register 1982 - 87]
M200 / IV / P / 2: "Neil Colgan [hut]" July 12, 1987 - March 4, 1995
M200 / IV / P / 3: "Neil Colgan" [Hut Register] May 19, 1995 - July 7, 1999
M200 / IV / P / 4: Neil Colgan Hut Jul 7, 1999 - Jul 4, 2003
Notes
M200 / IV / P / 4: contains mold throughout the register
Name Access
Alpine Club of Canada
Subject Access
Huts
Cabins and shelters
Cabins
Alpine Club of Canada
Backpacking
Backcountry skiing
British Columbia
Buildings
Buildings and facilities
Climbing
Construction
Environment and Nature
Environment
Hiking
Memorial
Mountaineering
Mountaineers
Mountains
Property
Skiing
Sports and recreation
Winter sports
Geographic Access
Canada
British Columbia
Alberta
Moraine Lake
Access Restrictions
Restrictions may apply
Language
English
Japanese
French
Conservation
Hut Register M200 / IV / P / 4: contains mold throughout the register. Some registers contain loose pages. Some water damage to registers.
Category
Environment
Exploration and travel
Sports, recreation and leisure
Biographical Source Notes
Alpine Club of Canada's website: https://www.alpineclubofcanada.ca/neil-colgan-hut/ Alpine Club of Canada Backcountry Hut: Neil Colgan: Info Sheet: https://www.alpineclubofcanada.ca/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/NeilColganHut-InfoSheet-1.pdf
Title Source
Title based on contents of sub-series
Processing Status
Processed
Less detail
This material is presented as originally created; it may contain outdated cultural descriptions and potentially offensive content. Read more.

Great Cairn Hut Registers

https://archives.whyte.org/en/permalink/descriptions57657
Part Of
Alpine Club of Canada fonds
Scope & Content
Sub-series of hut registers from the Great Cairn (Ben Ferris) Hut produced by the Alpine Club of Canada between 1980 and 2000. Registers include entries from visitors to the huts which pertain to individuals' hiking and climbing trips; details of specific events which occurred while staying at the …
Date Range
1980-2000
Reference Code
M200 / IV / T
Description Level
4 / Sub-series
GMD
Textual record
Organization record
Part Of
Alpine Club of Canada fonds
Description Level
4 / Sub-series
Fonds Number
M200
V14
S6
Series
M200 / IV: Hut Registers
Sous-Fonds
M200
Sub-Series
M200 / IV / T: Great Cairn Hut Registers
Accession Number
accn. 5462
accn. 8002
accn. 2023.10
accn. 2014.8293
Reference Code
M200 / IV / T
GMD
Textual record
Organization record
Responsibility
Registers produced by Alpine Club of Canada
Date Range
1980-2000
Physical Description
4 volumes 7 cm of textual records
History / Biographical
According to the Alpine Club of Canada (ACC), the Great Cairn Hut was built in 1953 by members of the Harvard University Mountaineering Club. It was later dismantled by ACC members, and the stones from the original hut were used in the construction of the current Great Cairn Hut. The Huts Committee of the ACC built this hut on what is believed to be the original hut site. The Hut is within distance of Mt. Sir Sandford, the Adamants and the Gothics in the Northern Selkirk Mountains of B.C. The hut is also known as the Ben Ferris Hut.
Scope & Content
Sub-series of hut registers from the Great Cairn (Ben Ferris) Hut produced by the Alpine Club of Canada between 1980 and 2000. Registers include entries from visitors to the huts which pertain to individuals' hiking and climbing trips; details of specific events which occurred while staying at the hut, wildlife sightings, custodial issues and updates, and related topics. The sub-series is separated into individual hut registers, arranged by date:
M200 / IV / T / 1: Great Cairn Log [1980-1984]
M200 / IV / T / 2: Great Cairn Hut Register 1980-1989
M200 / IV / T / 3: "Great Cairn Log" July 5, 1986 - July 30, 1995
M200 / IV / T / 4: The Great Cairn Hut Register [1995-2000]
Name Access
Alpine Club of Canada
Subject Access
Huts
Cabins
Cabins and shelters
Mountaineering
Mountaineers
Mountains
British Columbia
Alpine Club of Canada
Backpacking
Backcountry skiing
Buildings and facilities
Climbing
Construction
Environment and Nature
Environment
Ski mountaineering
Skiing
Sports and recreation
Winter sports
Geographic Access
Canada
British Columbia
Selkirks
Mt. Sir Sandford
Access Restrictions
Restrictions may apply
Language
English
Conservation
Some registers have evidence of animal chewing marks. Some registers have loose pages placed in mylar.
Category
Environment
Exploration and travel
Sports, recreation and leisure
Biographical Source Notes
Alpine Club of Canada website: https://www.alpineclubofcanada.ca/ben-ferris-great-cairn-hut/
Title Source
Title based on contents of sub-series
Processing Status
Processed
Less detail
This material is presented as originally created; it may contain outdated cultural descriptions and potentially offensive content. Read more.

Other Huts [Registers]

https://archives.whyte.org/en/permalink/descriptions57658
Part Of
Alpine Club of Canada fonds
Scope & Content
Sub-series of hut registers from various Huts, including the Boswell Cabin, Castle Mountain Bivouac Shelter/Hut, Graham Cooper Hut, Lawrence Grassi Hut, Lloyd Mackay Hut, Memorial Hut, R C (Bob) Hind Hut, the Sapphire Col Bivouac Hut, and the Woodbury Cabin. These registers were produced by the Alp…
Date Range
1930-1979
1981-1998
2000-2022
Reference Code
M200 / IV / U
Description Level
4 / Sub-series
GMD
Textual record
Organization record
Part Of
Alpine Club of Canada fonds
Description Level
4 / Sub-series
Fonds Number
M200
V14
S6
Series
M200 / IV: Hut Registers
Sous-Fonds
M200
Sub-Series
M200 / IV / U: Other Huts [Registers]
Accession Number
accn. 2014.8315
accn. 2023.20
accn. 2014.8347
accn. 2023.10
accn. 2023.41
accn. 2376
accn. 6376
accn. 2018.9010
accn. 3160
accn. 5463
accn. 2023.32
accn. 2023.15
accn. 2024.20
Reference Code
M200 / IV / U
GMD
Textual record
Organization record
Responsibility
Registers produced by Alpine Club of Canada
Date Range
1930-1979
1981-1998
2000-2022
Physical Description
35 cm of textual records 16 volumes
History / Biographical
According to the Alpine Club of Canada: Woodbury Cabin: The Woodbury Cabin was built over the summers of 1983 and 1984 at the site on which an old mining cabin once existed. The hut was also built to draw park users into the less crowded areas by providing a base for their recreational activities. Sapphire Col Bivouac Hut: The Sapphire Col Bivouac is a basic mountaineering shelter in the Asulkan Ridge. The hut is located in Glacier National Park. R. C. Hind Hut: The hut is named after Robert (Bob) Hind, a lifelong, active member of the ACC. The hut was built by the ACC for BC Parks in 1971. The hut is maintained and booked through Assiniboine Lodge. Robin Cyril (Bob) Hind, 1911-2000, was an electrical engineer and mountaineer at Calgary, Alberta, Canada. He was a Life Member of ACC, joining in 1933, and attended over 30 ACC camps. Hind received the Silver Rope Award in 1935, was recipient of Centennial Medal, and served the ACC in offices of President, Vice-President and Chairman of Hut Committee. Bob Hind climbed most of the peaks in Rockies and Selkirks, including some first ascents. He also climbed in Wales and the Alps. Hind was a member of the American Alpine Club and The Alpine Club, London. Lloyd Mackay Hut: The hut is located on Mt. Alberta and is a basic mountaineering shelter. The hut was renovated just before the 75th Anniversary of the first ascent of Mount Alberta. The hut sleeps 6 people. Lawrence Grassi Hut: Named after legendary mountain guide and coal miner, Lawrence Grassi. When he retired from the coal mines, Grassi became the assistant warden at Lake O’Hara in Yoho National Park, and he built various trails throughout the Park. Mount Lawrence Grassi, near Canmore, and Grassi Lakes, along with this hut, are named after him. Graham Cooper Hut: The hut was located between Mt. Little and Mt. Bowlen in the Valley of the Ten Peaks, along the Alberta and British Columbia border. The hut was named after Graham Cooper, who was a member of the team that built the hut, who had passed just after the hut was built. In 1983, this hut was replaced by the Neil Colgan Hut. Castle Mountain Hut: Is located in Banff National Park, on the Goat Plateau of Castle Mountain. It is a basic mountaineering shelter. It serves as a base for those climbing Brewer’s Buttress, Bass Buttress, and Eisenhower Tower. The hut is closed during the winter months. Boswell Cabin: The Pat Boswell (Toronto Section) Cabin is located at the Canmore Clubhouse site, and is named after Pat Boswell, a long-time Club member and Club Manager of the ACC. The cabin was designed to accommodate families and small groups, it includes a partition wall and sleeps up to 6 people. The Memorial Hut: The original Memorial Hut was built in 1930 for the War Veterans, the building was made of stone in an unstable area near Penstock Creek. The second Memorial Hut was built in the Outpost Lake area in 1947 and was named after Cyril Wates, who joined the ACC in 1916 and was a prominent mountaineer and ACC member, including Club President from 1938 to 1941. This Hut, however, was built too close to the lake, as per Parks regulations. The third version of the Memorial Hut was built in 1962 and opened in 1963 at the ACC Camp in the Valley. It was named in honour of the late President Rex Gibson, as well as Cyril Wates, known as the Wates-Gibson Memorial Hut. The Jacques Lake Cabin is the ACC's newest backcountry hut, located in Jasper National Park, AB. It was originally a Jasper Park patrol cabin, and it is only open during the winter months.
Scope & Content
Sub-series of hut registers from various Huts, including the Boswell Cabin, Castle Mountain Bivouac Shelter/Hut, Graham Cooper Hut, Lawrence Grassi Hut, Lloyd Mackay Hut, Memorial Hut, R C (Bob) Hind Hut, the Sapphire Col Bivouac Hut, and the Woodbury Cabin. These registers were produced by the Alpine Club of Canada between 1930 and 2018. Registers include entries from visitors to the huts which pertain to individuals' hiking and climbing trips; details of specific events which occurred while staying at the hut, wildlife sightings, custodial issues and updates, and related topics. The sub-series includes:
M200 / IV / U / 1: Boswell Cabin Hut Register [2007 - 2010]
M200 / IV / U / 2: Boswell Cabin Registry [2007 - 2013]
M200 / IV / U / 3: Boswell Cabin Registry [2010-2016]
M200 / IV / U / 4: Castle Mountain Bivouac Shelter Register Mar. 19, 1985 - Oct. 4, 1995
M200 / IV / U / 5: [Castle Mountain Hut 2000 - 2012]
M200 / IV / U / 6: Graham Cooper Hut [1965-73]
M200 / IV / U / 7: “Hut Register Lawrence Grassi Hut” August 4, 1981 – August 1, 1998
M200 / IV / U / 8: LLOYD MACKAY HUT [1984-1989]
M200 / IV / U / 9: Alpine Club of Canada Memorial Hut Register 1930 – 1965
M200 / IV / U / 10: R C Hind Hut [register 1971-1979]
M200 / IV / U / 11: Sapphire Col Bivouac Hut [1965-1976]
M200 / IV / U / 12: [Unidentified Register 2013 – 2017]
M200 / IV / U / 13: [Unidentified Hut Register 2013?]
M200 / IV / U / 14: [Woodbury Cabin 2015-2018]
M200 / IV / U / 15: Boswell Cabin Hut Register [2014-2020]
M200 / IV / U / 16: [Jacques Lake Hut Register 2019-2022]
Notes
The Memorial Hut has changed locations and titles since it was originally built in 1930. Today, the Hut is known as the Wates-Gibson Memorial Hut. For other Wates-Gibson Hut Registers, see M200 / IV / C: Wates-Gibson Hut Registers.
Name Access
Alpine Club of Canada
Subject Access
Huts
Cabins
Cabins and shelters
Alberta
Alpine Club of Canada
Alpine Club House
Backcountry skiing
Backpacking
Banff National Park
British Columbia
Buildings
Buildings and facilities
Buildings and memorials
Camping
Camps
Castle Mountain
Climbing
Construction
Environment
Environment and Nature
Grassi Lakes
Guides
Log structures
Memorial
Mountain
Mountain guides
Mountaineering
Mountains
Mountaineers
National parks and reserves
Parks Canada
Provincial parks and reserves
Ski mountaineering
Skiing
War Memorial
Winter sports
Geographic Access
Canada
Alberta
British Columbia
Banff National Park
Asulkan Ridge
Glacier National Park
Assiniboine
Mount Alberta
Canmore, AB
Grassi Lake
Valley of the Ten Peaks
Tonquin Valley
Access Restrictions
Restrictions may apply
Reproduction Restrictions
Contains personal information
Language
English
French
German
Spanish
Related Material
M200 / IV / C: Wates-Gibson Hut Registers
Category
Environment
Exploration and travel
Sports, recreation and leisure
Biographical Source Notes
Alpine Club of Canada website: https://www.alpineclubofcanada.ca/huts/ https://www.alpineclubofcanada.ca/sapphire-col-hut/ https://www.alpineclubofcanada.ca/castle-mountain-hut/ https://www.alpineclubofcanada.ca/neil-colgan-hut/ https://www.alpineclubofcanada.ca/woodbury-cabin/ https://www.alpineclubofcanada.ca/wates-gibson-hut/ https://www.alpineclubofcanada.ca/jacques-lake-cabin/ Alpine Club of Canada Backcountry Huts: Clubhouse Info Sheet: https://www.alpineclubofcanada.ca/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/Clubhouse_Directions-1.pdf Alpine Club of Canada Backcountry Huts: Woodbury Cabin Info Sheet: https://www.alpineclubofcanada.ca/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/WoodburyCabin-InfoSheet.pdf Informal interview with Chic Scott, Intellectual Property of Chic Scott.
Title Source
Title based on contents of sub-series
Processing Status
Processed
Less detail
This material is presented as originally created; it may contain outdated cultural descriptions and potentially offensive content. Read more.
Part Of
Alpine Club of Canada fonds
Scope & Content
Series of summit records from various summits produced by the Alpine Club of Canada between 1916 and 2020. Summit records include entries from visitors to the various summits which pertain to individuals' hiking and climbing trips; details of specific events which occurred while at the summit, wil…
Date Range
1916
1930-1931
1959-1968
1970-1989
1992 -2020
Reference Code
M200 / V
Description Level
3 / Series
GMD
Textual record
Organization record
Part Of
Alpine Club of Canada fonds
Description Level
3 / Series
Fonds Number
M200
V14
S6
Series
M200 / V: Summit Records
Sous-Fonds
M200
Accession Number
accn. 2023.20
accn. 7779
accn. 2023.10
accn. 2014.8347
accn. 6465
accn. 8002
accn. 2020.05
accn. 2023.19
accn. 2014.8293
accn. 8119
accn. 2023.32
accn. 2023.41
accn. 6623
accn. 6062
accn. 2014.8318
accn. 6767
accn. 2014.8315
accn. 2014.8317
accn. 5680
accn. 2023.16
accn. 2018.9010
accn. 5396
accn. 6459
accn. 2014.8316
accn. 2023.18
accn. 5631
accn. 2013.8245
accn. 2014.8275
accn. 2023.06
accn. 2023.14
accn. 2023.17
accn. 5569
accn. 8113
accn. 6396
Reference Code
M200 / V
GMD
Textual record
Organization record
Responsibility
Registers produced by the Alpine Club of Canada
Date Range
1916
1930-1931
1959-1968
1970-1989
1992 -2020
Physical Description
110 cm of textual records ca. 235 volumes
Scope & Content
Series of summit records from various summits produced by the Alpine Club of Canada between 1916 and 2020. Summit records include entries from visitors to the various summits which pertain to individuals' hiking and climbing trips; details of specific events which occurred while at the summit, wildlife sightings, trail updates, and related topics.
Notes
See file-level entries for inventories of summit registers and notes.
Name Access
Alpine Club of Canada
Subject Access
Abbot Pass Hut
Activities
Alberta
Alpine Club of Canada
Backcountry skiing
Backpacking
Banff National Park
Bow Valley
British Columbia
Castle Mountain
Centennial
Climbing
Club
Environment
Environment and Nature
Fay Hut
Fortress Mountain
Glaciers
Hiking
Ice climbing
Kananaskis Country
Mount Assiniboine
Mountain
Mountaineering
Mountaineers
Mountains
National parks and reserves
Parks Canada
Porcupine
Provincial parks and reserves
Rundle Mountain
Ski area
Ski mountaineering
Skiing
Sports and recreation
Summit
Temple Mountain
Trail making
Trails
Travel and Exploration
Winter sports
Yamnuska Mountain
Geographic Access
Canada
Alberta
British Columbia
Abbot Pass
Assiniboine
Banff National Park
Banff, Alberta
Bugaboos
Canadian Rocky Mountains
Canmore
Cascade Mountain
Castle Mountain, AB
Cathedral Mountain
Glacier
Jasper National Park
Kananaskis Country
Little Yoho Valley
Mount Assiniboine
Mount Baldy
Mount Baker
Mount Cory
Mount Edith
Mount Lefroy
Mount Norquay
Mount Rundle
Mount Temple
Mount Victoria
Mount Yamnuska
Rocky Mountains
Rundle Mountain
Selkirks
Yoho National Park
Access Restrictions
Restrictions may apply
Language
English
Conservation
Some records have been placed in mylar. Some record have mold, rust or water damage.
Related Material
M235
Category
Environment
Exploration and travel
Sports, recreation and leisure
Title Source
Title based on contents of series
Processing Status
Processed
Less detail
This material is presented as originally created; it may contain outdated cultural descriptions and potentially offensive content. Read more.

Grotto Mountain Summit Registers and Notes

https://archives.whyte.org/en/permalink/descriptions57662
Part Of
Alpine Club of Canada fonds
Scope & Content
Files consist of summit notes and summit registers from Grotto Mountain produced by the Alpine Club of Canada between 1994 and 2016. Summit records include entries from visitors to the various summits which pertain to individuals' hiking and climbing trips; details of specific events which occurred…
Date Range
1994 – 2003
2010 – 2016
Reference Code
M200 / V / A / 1 to 9
Description Level
5 / File
GMD
Textual record
Organization record
Part Of
Alpine Club of Canada fonds
Description Level
5 / File
Fonds Number
M200
V14
S6
Series
M200 / V: Summit Records
Sous-Fonds
M200
Sub-Series
M200 / V / A: Identified Summit Records
Accession Number
accn. 2023.20 accn. 2023.10 accn. 7779 accn. 2014.8347
Reference Code
M200 / V / A / 1 to 9
GMD
Textual record
Organization record
Responsibility
Summit Registers and Notes produced by Alpine Club of Canada
Date Range
1994 – 2003
2010 – 2016
Physical Description
13 cm of textual records, 9 volumes
History / Biographical
Grotto Mountain is located in the Bow River Valley near Canmore, Alberta. The mountain was named for the grotto-like cave in the mountain.
Scope & Content
Files consist of summit notes and summit registers from Grotto Mountain produced by the Alpine Club of Canada between 1994 and 2016. Summit records include entries from visitors to the various summits which pertain to individuals' hiking and climbing trips; details of specific events which occurred while at the summit, wildlife sightings, trail updates, and related topics. Files include: M200 / V / A / 1: Grotto Mountain Summit register May 7, 1994 – Aug. 10, 1996 M200 / V / A / 2: Grotto Mtn Summit Register Dec 2, 1997 – April 18, 1999 M200 / V / A / 3: Grotto Mountain 1999 – 2002 2 vol. [Part 1 of 2] M200 / V / A / 4: Grotto Mountain 1999 – 2002 2 vol. [Part 2 of 2] M200 / V / A / 5: Grotto Mountain Aug 18, 2002 – July 27, 2003 M200 / V / A / 6: [Grotto Mountain 2010 -2011] M200 / V / A / 7: [Grotto Mtn 2010 – 2012] M200 / V / A / 8: The Official Long Awaited Grotto Mtn. Summit Register [2010 – 2013] M200 / V / A / 9: GROTTO [2013 – 2016]
Name Access
Alpine Club of Canada
Subject Access
Alpine Club of Canada
Alberta
Backcountry skiing
Backpacking
Bow Valley
Climbing
Discovery and travel
Environment and Nature
Environment
Guides
Guiding
Hiking
Mountain
Mountaineering
Mountaineers
Ski mountaineering
Skiing
Sports and leisure
Sports and recreation
Summit
Trails
Winter sports
Geographic Access
Canada
Alberta
Bow Valley
Canmore, AB
Access Restrictions
Restrictions may apply
Language
English
French
Spanish
Conservation
Some summit notes are in mylar due to evidence of mold. Some registers contain water damage. Some registers have loose pages placed in mylar.
Related Material
M235
Category
Exploration and travel
Environment
Sports, recreation and leisure
Biographical Source Notes
Summit Posts.org Grotto Mountain https://www.summitpost.org/grotto-mountain/151364
Title Source
Title based on contents of the file.
Processing Status
Processed
Less detail
This material is presented as originally created; it may contain outdated cultural descriptions and potentially offensive content. Read more.

Eiffel Peak Summit Registers and Notes

https://archives.whyte.org/en/permalink/descriptions57663
Part Of
Alpine Club of Canada fonds
Scope & Content
Files consist of summit notes and summit registers from Eiffel Peak produced by the Alpine Club of Canada between 1989 and 2019. Summit records include entries from visitors to the various summits which pertain to individuals' hiking and climbing trips; details of specific events which occurred whi…
Date Range
1989 -1991
2004 – 2013
2017 – 2019
Reference Code
M200 / V / A / 10 to 13
Description Level
5 / File
GMD
Textual record
Organization record
Part Of
Alpine Club of Canada fonds
Description Level
5 / File
Fonds Number
M200
V14
S6
Series
M200 / V: Summit Records
Sous-Fonds
M200
Sub-Series
M200 / V / A: Identified Summit Records
Accession Number
accn. 6465 accn. 8002 accn. 2014.8347 accn. 2020.05
Reference Code
M200 / V / A / 10 to 13
GMD
Textual record
Organization record
Responsibility
Summit Registers and Notes produced by Alpine Club of Canada
Date Range
1989 -1991
2004 – 2013
2017 – 2019
Physical Description
7 cm of textual records, 4 volumes
History / Biographical
Eiffel Peak is a 3, 077-meter (10, 095 foot) mountain summit in Banff National Park. The first ascent was made in 1901 by Charles S. Thompson, and the Peak was officially named by A. O. Wheeler in 1908.
Scope & Content
Files consist of summit notes and summit registers from Eiffel Peak produced by the Alpine Club of Canada between 1989 and 2019. Summit records include entries from visitors to the various summits which pertain to individuals' hiking and climbing trips; details of specific events which occurred while at the summit, wildlife sightings, trail updates, and related topics. Files include: M200 / V / A / 10: Eiffel Mtn. [register 1989-1991] M200 / V / A / 11: Summit Register – Eiffel Peak, Lake Louise Sept 2004 – July 2007 M200 / V / A / 12: Eiffel Peak [2007 – 2013] M200 / V / A / 13: EIFFEL PEAK Registry [2017 – 2019]
Name Access
Alpine Club of Canada
Subject Access
Alberta
Alpine Club of Canada
Backcountry skiing
Backpacking
Banff
Banff National Park
Climbing
Environment
Environment and Nature
Guiding
Guides
Hiking
Mountaineering
Mountaineers
Mountains
National parks and reserves
Ski mountaineering
Skiing
Sports and leisure
Sports and recreation
Summit
Winter sports
Geographic Access
Canada
Alberta
Banff National Park
Banff, AB
Access Restrictions
Restrictions may apply
Language
English
French
Spanish
Conservation
Some registers contain water damage.
Related Material
M235
Category
Environment
Exploration and travel
Sports, recreation and leisure
Biographical Source Notes
Summit Post.org Eiffel Peak https://www.summitpost.org/eiffel-peak/151866
Title Source
Title based on contents of the file.
Processing Status
Processed
Less detail
This material is presented as originally created; it may contain outdated cultural descriptions and potentially offensive content. Read more.

219 records – page 1 of 22.

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