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Alpine Club of Canada fonds
https://archives.whyte.org/en/permalink/descriptions92
- Part Of
- Alpine Club of Canada fonds
- Scope & Content
- Fonds constitutes the principal resource for the study of the history of Canadian mountaineering. It provides a wealth of information on individual alpinists, expeditions, mountains, national parks, conservation, climbing, alpine organizations, publications, guiding, scientific study and the Alpin…
- Date Range
- 1906-2017
- Reference Code
- M200 / S6 / V14
- Description Level
- 1 / Fonds
- GMD
- Motion picture
- Film
- Video
- Photograph
- Album
- Negative
- Photograph print
- Postcard
- Transparency
- Sound recording
- Cassette
- Textual record
- Organization record
- Part Of
- Alpine Club of Canada fonds
- Description Level
- 1 / Fonds
- Fonds Number
- M 200
- S 6
- V 14
- Sous-Fonds
- M200
- S6
- V14
- Accession Number
- 698, 1040 (unproc), 1224, 1299 (unproc), 1807, 1813, 2141 (unproc), 2376 (unproc), 3160 (unproc), 3296 (unproc), 3298 (unproc), 3382 (unproc), 3560 (unproc), 3757 (unproc), 3970 (unproc), 5012, 5114, 5200, 5215 (unproc), 5330 (unproc), 5343, 5357, 5396 (unproc), 5438, 5454, 5455, 5456, 5457, 5458, 5459, 5460, 5461, 5462 (unproc), 5463 (unproc), 5464, 5465, 5466, 5474, 5538 (unproc), 5541, 5569 (unproc), 5591 (unproc), 5592, 5605, 5631 (unproc), 5632, 5633, 5634, 5635 (unproc), 5680 (unproc), 5724, 5950, 6062 (unproc), 6332, 6337, 6375, 6376 (unproc), 6396, 6437, 6451, 6457 (unproc), 6459 (unproc), 6465 (unproc), 6470 (unproc), 6623 (unproc), 6624, 6625, 6626, 6627 (unproc), 6628, 6765 (unproc), 6766 (unproc), 6767 (unproc), 7774 (unproc), 7779 (unproc), 8002 (unproc), 2021.32 (unproc)
- Reference Code
- M200 / S6 / V14
- GMD
- Motion picture
- Film
- Video
- Photograph
- Album
- Negative
- Photograph print
- Postcard
- Transparency
- Sound recording
- Cassette
- Textual record
- Organization record
- Date Range
- 1906-2017
- Physical Description
- ca.42 m of textual records. -- ca.12,500 photographs: prints, stereographic prints, transparencies, slides, negatives, postcards. -- 85 photograph albums. -- 8 motion pictures: films, video recordings. -- 3 sound recordings
- History / Biographical
- The Alpine Club of Canada, the national mountaineering club, was co-founded in 1906 by A. O. Wheeler and Elizabeth Parker, and other like-minded climbers. The club espoused scientific study and exploration, cultivation of art, public education, acquisition of climbing skills, and preservation of natural areas within the mountainous regions of Canada. Through a national executive, local sections and volunteer committees, the club provided climbing camps, clubhouse, huts, and publications, including the Canadian Alpine Journal. ACC expeditions and projects resulted in pioneer exploration, first ascents, and included mountain warfare training during the Second World War. In recent years, the club's membership has increased dramatically with the popularity of climbing and its programs have evolved to serve the needs of unguided climbers using sophisticated technical aids.
- Scope & Content
- Fonds constitutes the principal resource for the study of the history of Canadian mountaineering. It provides a wealth of information on individual alpinists, expeditions, mountains, national parks, conservation, climbing, alpine organizations, publications, guiding, scientific study and the Alpine Club itself.
- The fonds consists of four Sous-fonds: I. Alpine Club of Canada records; II. Mount Everest Expedition (1982) records; III. Personal papers and photographs; IV. Other material. Club administration records (series I.A.) pertain to executive positions; head office; finance; camps, climbing and treks; expeditions; huts and properties; clubhouses; library; publications; photography; other committees; other activities; and other. Other club records include section records (series I.B.), hut registers and summit records (series I.C.).
- Name Access
- Alpine Club of Canada
- Access Restrictions
- Some restriction/s on access
- Copyright, privacy, commercial use and other restrictions may apply
- Language
- Language is English
- Finding Aid
- Finding aids and reference tools: sous-fonds, series and sub-series description
- electronic finding aid for processed material
- Creator
- Alpine Club of Canada
- Title Source
- Title based on contents of fonds
- Processing Status
- Processed / Unprocessed
This material is presented as originally created; it may contain outdated cultural descriptions and
potentially offensive content.
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Fred C. and Marcella E. Bell fonds
https://archives.whyte.org/en/permalink/descriptions88
- Scope & Content
- Fonds consists of papers and photographs including: postcard from Fred Bell to Percy Bell, 1907, re the Alpine Club of Canada camp at Paradise Valley; letters to F. C. Bell; speech by F. C. Bell, 1956; copies of sympathy letters to Mrs. Bell, 1971; Marcella Bell notes and papers; articles and Banff…
- Date Range
- 1903-1992
- Reference Code
- M112 / V58
- Description Level
- 1 / Fonds
- GMD
- Photograph
- Album
- Photograph print
- Textual record
- Private record
- Published record
- Description Level
- 1 / Fonds
- Fonds Number
- M 112
- V 58
- Sous-Fonds
- M 112
- V 58
- Accession Number
- 628, 2944, 6377
- Reference Code
- M112 / V58
- Date Range
- 1903-1992
- Physical Description
- 1.5 cm of textual records. -- 43 photographic prints. -- 2 photograph albums (49 prints)
- History / Biographical
- Fred C. Bell, 1883-1971, was a physician, hospital administrator, mountaineer and officer of the Alpine Club of Canada. He lived at Winnipeg, Manitoba and Vancouver, British Columbia. Marcella E. Bell was also a mountaineer and Alpine Club member.
- Scope & Content
- Fonds consists of papers and photographs including: postcard from Fred Bell to Percy Bell, 1907, re the Alpine Club of Canada camp at Paradise Valley; letters to F. C. Bell; speech by F. C. Bell, 1956; copies of sympathy letters to Mrs. Bell, 1971; Marcella Bell notes and papers; articles and Banff-Mt. Assiniboine Walking Tour brochure written or annotated by A. O. Wheeler; publications re the Canadian National Parks Association, 1924-1925; some clippings. Photographic prints pertain to mountaineering and Alpine Club of Canada camps, including photographs of Nora Bell, sister of Fred Bell; views of Banff, 1903; and scenic views of Banff and Lake Louise areas, ca.1902-ca.1912. One album pertains to Fred C. Bell and Alpine Club of Canada, 38 prints; other album contains snapshots of ACC clubhouse at Banff, 1963, by Marcella Bell, 11 prints.
- Name Access
- Bell, Fred C.
- Bell, Marcella E.
- Subject Access
- Family and personal life
- Sports, recreation and leisure
- Access Restrictions
- Some restriction/s on access
- Copyright, privacy, commercial use and other restrictions may apply
- Language
- Language is English
- Finding Aid
- Finding aids and reference tools: basic description
- Creator
- Bell, Fred C.
- Bell, Marcella E.
- Title Source
- Title based on contents of fonds
- Processing Status
- Processed / Unprocessed
This material is presented as originally created; it may contain outdated cultural descriptions and
potentially offensive content.
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Dorothy Wardle fonds
https://archives.whyte.org/en/permalink/descriptions398
- Part Of
- Dorothy Wardle fonds
- Scope & Content
- Fonds consists of two sous-fonds: M521 and V75. M521 consists of four series, 154 cm, ca.1870-2002. Series I: Dorothy Wardle Personal Papers, 69.5 cm, ca.1870-2002 (includes Dorothy's written work and research and notes related to Banff). Series II: Wardle Family, 32.5 cm, 1872-1998 (including cor…
- Date Range
- ca.1870-2002
- Reference Code
- M521 / V75
- Description Level
- 1 / Fonds
- GMD
- Photograph
- Album
- Negative
- Photograph print
- Postcard
- Transparency
- Textual record
- Private record
- Published record
- Part Of
- Dorothy Wardle fonds
- Description Level
- 1 / Fonds
- Fonds Number
- M521
- V75
- Sous-Fonds
- M521
- V75
- Accession Number
- 5296, 5391, 7504
- Reference Code
- M521 / V75
- GMD
- Photograph
- Album
- Negative
- Photograph print
- Postcard
- Transparency
- Textual record
- Private record
- Published record
- Date Range
- ca.1870-2002
- Physical Description
- 154 cm of textual records. -- 1304 photographs (1190 prints, 95 negatives, 19 transparencies). -- 6 photograph albums.
- History / Biographical
- The Wardle family was comprised of husband and wife, James Morey Wardle (June 26,1888 - May 18,1971) and Maud Leette (Roney) Wardle (May 24,1889 - December 1,1969), and their one child, Dorothy Hope Wardle (May 23,1919 - July 20,2003). James Wardle, born in Chiliwack, British Columbia, was a civil engineer and public servant. He was the Superintendent of Banff National Park from 1918-1921, Chief Engineer for Parks Canada from 1921-1935, and Deputy Minister of the Interior from 1935-1936. He is primarily known as a highway design engineer, particularly for building the Banff-Windermere, Banff-Lake Louise, and Banff-Jasper highways. He was a councillor for the Municipality of Rockcliffe Park in Ontario and he was the President of the Trail Riders of the Canadian Rockies in Banff from 1925-1929. Mount Wardle in Vermillion was named after him in 1921. James married Leette on November 4, 1913, with whom he had one child, Dorothy. Born in Calgary, Alberta, Dorothy (also known as Dot and Dorie) grew up in Banff, Alberta and Ottawa, Ontario, due to her father's position with the federal government. She was educated at the Mountain School in Banff and at the Elmwood School in Ottawa. All three family members were graduates of Queen's University in Kingston, Ontario. James graduated in 1912 with a Bachelor of Science in Engineering, Leette graduated with a Bachelor's degree, and in 1942, Dorothy also earned a Bachelor's degree. Dorothy was prominent in student life and active in athletics. In 1941, Dorothy became the first woman elected as President of the Alma Mater Society and during her academic career, Dorothy was a member of the Levana Intercollegiate Debative, University Centenary Committee, and Queen’s War Aid Commission. Dorothy spent her career as a freelance writer however, upon graduation she served as the first Secretary-In-Charge of Records at Carleton College (now Carleton University) from 1942-1944 in Ottawa and in the mid-1950s worked as a secretary for the Glenbow Foundation in Calgary. Dorothy pursued a lifelong interest in traveling, art, and antiques. Although she was fiercely proud and protective of Banff and the Park, and remained a volunteer and patron of the Whyte Museum of the Canadian Rockies, Dorothy eventually settled in Sidney, British Columbia and shared an apartment with Sheila Iris Ritchie, with whom Dorothy travelled extensively. After her death in 2003, Dorothy, "Dorie," was laid to rest alongside her parents in the Old Banff Cemetery.
- Scope & Content
- Fonds consists of two sous-fonds: M521 and V75.
- M521 consists of four series, 154 cm, ca.1870-2002. Series I: Dorothy Wardle Personal Papers, 69.5 cm, ca.1870-2002 (includes Dorothy's written work and research and notes related to Banff). Series II: Wardle Family, 32.5 cm, 1872-1998 (including correspondence with Carl Rungius and Mrs. Helen Brett, and Christmas and other greeting cards from Peter and Catharine Whyte). Series III: Queen's University, 7.5 cm, 1911-1980 (including graduation certificates for each family member and records pertaining to Dorothy's participation on the Alma Mater Society). Series IV: Travel, 44.5 cm, ca.1950-1988 (includes hand-written notebooks meticulously detailing their travels).
- V75 consists of two series, 79.5 cm, ca. 1912-2001. Series I: Wardle Family, ca. 1912-1971, 6 albums, 31 cm of photograph prints and negatives (including family trips, trail rides in the Canadian Rocky Mountains, and family gatherings). Series II: Dorothy Wardle, 1972-2001, 34 cm of photograph prints, negatives, and transparencies (including Dorothy's travels in Alberta and British Columbia, overseas, and various outings with friends).
- Name Access
- Wardle, Dorothy
- Wardle, James
- Rungius, Carl
- Brett, Helen
- Keyte, Freeman
- Hart, E. J. (Ted)
- Harkin, J. B. (James Bernard)
- Brewster, Pat
- Peyto, Bill
- Brett, Robert George
- Sanson, Norman
- White, Clifford
- Drummond-Davies, Nora
- Mills, Ike
- McLean, George
- Walking Buffalo (George McLean)
- Kaquitts, Frank
- Oxborough, Dorothy
- Whyte, Jon
- Robinson, Dean
- Warren, Mary Schaffer
- Simpson, George
- Gibbon, John Murray
- Whyte, Catharine
- Whyte, Peter
- Greenham, Margaret
- Subject Access
- Arts
- Environment
- Personal and Family Life
- Banff
- Old Banff Cemetery
- Whyte Museum of the Canadian Rockies
- Cabins
- Travel
- Picnics and picnicking
- Holidays
- Scenery
- Christmas
- Dogs
- Horses
- Mountain
- Canoes and canoeing
- Hiking
- Wildlife
- War Memorial
- Highland Games
- Bow River Bridge
- Golfing
- Anniversary
- Horseback riding
- Indigenous Peoples
- Stoney Nakoda
- Education
- Snowshoes and snowshoeing
- Banff Winter Carnival
- Banff Winter Festival
- Women
- Trails
- Trail Riders of the Canadian Rockies
- Sports and leisure
- Skiing
- European travel
- Beach
- Calgary Herald
- Geography
- Government
- Newspaper
- Politics
- Research
- Banff Public Library
- National parks and reserves
- Park policy
- Parks Canada
- Wardens
- Ya-Ha-Tinda Ranch
- Community life
- Mines and mineral resources
- History
- Immigration and homesteading
- Settlement
- Organizations
- World War II
- Biographical
- Professional and Personal Life
- Grizzly Bears
- Fire fighters
- Sunshine Village
- Teahouses
- Banff Indian Days
- Regalia
- Calgary Stampede
- Mountain guides
- Mountain School
- The Albertan
- Crag and Canyon newspaper
- Homestead Hotel
- Banff Centre
- Hot Springs
- Superintendents
- Automobiles
- Natural history
- Records
- Calendar
- Finances
- Leases
- Legal and Financial
- Property
- Recreation
- Geographic Access
- Banff
- Banff National Park
- Canmore
- Alberta
- Canada
- Canadian Rocky Mountains
- Castle Mountain
- Bankhead
- British Columbia
- Glacier National Park
- Kootenay National Park
- Silver City
- Victoria
- Scotland
- Revelstoke
- Yoho National Park
- Ottawa
- Ontario
- Prince Edward Island
- Plain of Six Glaciers
- Lake Agnes
- Lake Louise
- Lake Minnewanka
- Lake O'Hara
- Bow River
- Calgary
- Sidney
- San Francisco
- United States
- Europe
- Germany
- Switzerland
- France
- Spain
- Monaco
- Italy
- Denmark
- Austria
- Quebec
- Windermere
- New York
- Assiniboine
- Ghost River
- High River
- Quebec City
- New Brunswick
- Maine
- Great Divide
- Moraine Lake
- Maligne Lake
- Columbia Icefield
- Washington
- Philadelphia
- Atlantic City
- Larch Valley
- Cascade Mountain
- Panama
- Sulphur Mountain
- Field
- Emerald Lake
- Head Smashed In Buffalo Jump
- Takkakaw Falls
- Jasper National Park
- Athabasca Falls
- Okanagan
- Kananaskis
- Hoodoos
- Powell River
- Montreal
- Access Restrictions
- Some restriction/s on access
- Copyright, privacy, commercial use and other restrictions may apply
- Language
- Language is English
- Related Material
- Dorothy also donated artwork (by Carl Rungius) to Art and Heritage.
- James Morey Wardle fonds (Library and Archives Canada)
- Category
- Arts
- Environment
- Education
- Exploration, discovery and travel
- Family and personal life
- First nations
- Sports, recreation and leisure
- Title Source
- Title based on accession records and contents of fonds
- Processing Status
- Processed
This material is presented as originally created; it may contain outdated cultural descriptions and
potentially offensive content.
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Jim Brewster family fonds
https://archives.whyte.org/en/permalink/descriptions109
- Part Of
- Jim Brewster family fonds
- Scope & Content
- Fonds consists of papers and photographs of James Irvine (Jim) Brewster, Fern Brewster, Dell Brewster and the Brewster family. I. James Irvine Brewster papers and photographs, before 1948 and ca.1959, consist mainly of professional papers and photographs relating to guiding and outfitting activitie…
- Date Range
- [ca.1875-ca.1978]
- Reference Code
- M436 / V90
- Description Level
- 1 / Fonds
- GMD
- Photograph
- Album
- Negative
- Photograph print
- Textual record
- Corporate record
- Diary
- Map
- Plan
- Private record
- Published record
- Part Of
- Jim Brewster family fonds
- Description Level
- 1 / Fonds
- Fonds Number
- M 436
- V 90
- Sous-Fonds
- M 436
- V 90
- Accession Number
- 79, 85, 108, 357, 451, 1618, 3350, 3808, 5274, 6019, 2021.26, 2023.09
- Reference Code
- M436 / V90
- GMD
- Photograph
- Album
- Negative
- Photograph print
- Textual record
- Corporate record
- Diary
- Map
- Plan
- Private record
- Published record
- Date Range
- [ca.1875-ca.1978]
- Physical Description
- 24 cm of textual records. -- ca.830 photographs : prints, negatives. -- 12 photograph albums (ca.1000 prints). -- 1 motion picture
- History / Biographical
- James Irvine Brewster, 1882-1947, came to Banff with his parents in 1888. While still boys, he and his brother Bill started guiding fishing parties and later formed an outfitting partnership. With silent partners Fred Hussey and Phil Moore, they established Brewster Brothers in 1904. Jim Brewster and Hussey left the business in 1906. In 1909, Jim returned to guide the business. Under his control, it became a major transportation supplier, Brewster Transport Company. Fern Brewster, 1902-1967, daughter of Jim Brewster and Lade Brewster (d.1915), was a sportswoman, businesswoman and homemaker. She was involved in the operation of Sunshine ski area and was a director of Brewster Transportation after her father's death. Fern Brewster's married names were Clarkson and Dooley. Adele (Dell) Brewster (Sibbald), 1896-1983, Jim Brewster's second wife, was also a director of Brewster Transportation.
- Scope & Content
- Fonds consists of papers and photographs of James Irvine (Jim) Brewster, Fern Brewster, Dell Brewster and the Brewster family.
- I. James Irvine Brewster papers and photographs, before 1948 and ca.1959, consist mainly of professional papers and photographs relating to guiding and outfitting activities, and to Brewster Transport Company records, including Sunshine ski area records. Series includes correspondence, diaries, legal papers, Sunshine Lodge addition papers, Brewster house plans and other material. Correspondence is incoming and outgoing letters between Brewster and Hussey, clients, and associates regarding guiding and outfitting, real estate speculation and personal matters, etc. 1906-1907. Diaries pertain to guiding, hunting and horse trips, 1897-1901, 1904-1906; entries mainly record clients, territory covered and game observations and records. Also includes articles and hand-drawn map by Brewster on hunting, 1903-1906. Includes 54 photographs pertaining to Brewster Transport after Jim Brewster period.
- II. Fern Brewster papers and photographs, before 1967, includes mainly personal papers, correspondence, recipes, press clippings and photographs regarding friends and family, education, Jim Brewster's death and cooking. Correspondents include Carl Rungius, Les Peters, Charlie Beil and Fern Bedaux.
- III. Dell Brewster papers, 1925-1967, pertain mainly to Jim Brewster's death. Dell Brewster photographs pertain to the Sibbald, Grier and McDougall families.
- IV. Brewster family papers and photographs pertain to Jack Walker Brewster, and Brewster family and friends.
- V. Other material, before 1978, consists of greeting cards.
- VI. Later Acquisitions, pertain to various Brewster family members including Fern Brewster, Jim Brewster, and Pat Brewster.
- Subject Access
- Brewster Transport Company
- Family and personal life
- Sports, recreation and leisure
- Transportation
- Access Restrictions
- No restrictions on access
- Copyright, privacy, commercial use and other restrictions may apply
- Language
- Language is English
- Finding Aid
- Finding aids and reference tools: arrangement outline
- file description and index
- electronic finding aid
- microfilm copies of albums
- photographic copy of map
- video copy of motion picture
- Creator
- Brewster, Dell
- Brewster, Jim
- Title Source
- Title based on contents of fonds
- Processing Status
- Processed
- Unprocessed
This material is presented as originally created; it may contain outdated cultural descriptions and
potentially offensive content.
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Pat Brewster fonds
https://archives.whyte.org/en/permalink/descriptions15
- Part Of
- Pat Brewster fonds
- Scope & Content
- Fonds consists of four series: I. Personal, II. Professional, III. Activities, IV. Brewster family. I. Personal series, 1905-1982, 18 cm of textual records, 160 photographs, 2 sound recordings. Includes correspondence, interview and recorded conversation, address/notebook, artwork, other textua…
- Date Range
- 1841-1983
- Reference Code
- M2 / S21 / V91
- Description Level
- 1 / Fonds
- GMD
- Photograph
- Album
- Negative
- Photograph print
- Postcard
- Transparency
- Sound recording
- Cassette
- Textual record
- Drawing
- Map
- Poster
- Private record
- Part Of
- Pat Brewster fonds
- Description Level
- 1 / Fonds
- Fonds Number
- M2 / V91 / S21
- Sous-Fonds
- V91
- Accession Number
- 12, 13, 80, 93, 110, 145, 340, 380, 899, 1006, 1110, 1179, 1210, 1235, 1398, 1409, 1440, 1505, 1784, 1874, 2176, 2216, 2303, 2361, 2410, 2643, 2791, 2816, 2880, 2903, 2933, 2940, 3051, 3157, 3181, 3393, 3642, 3733, 3734, 3780, 3821, 3921, 3969, 5028, 5336, 6018
- Reference Code
- M2 / S21 / V91
- GMD
- Photograph
- Album
- Negative
- Photograph print
- Postcard
- Transparency
- Sound recording
- Cassette
- Textual record
- Drawing
- Map
- Poster
- Private record
- Date Range
- 1841-1983
- Physical Description
- ca.80 cm of textual material. -- ca.900 photographs : prints, postcards, transparencies, negatives, copy negatives. -- 1 photograph album (50 prints). -- 3 sound recordings : audio tape cassettes
- History / Biographical
- Forrest Oliver "Pat" Brewster, 1896-1982, was a trail guide, outfitter and businessman in Banff, Alberta, Canada. Pat was a native and life-long resident of Banff. As a boy, he was an active Boy Scout and, by age seventeen, was a big game guide. After serving in World War I, Brewster established the first permanent camp at Lake O'Hara for the Canadian Pacific Railway. In 1926, he took over the Brewster Transport Company outfitting business from his brothers, Bill and Jim. In the 1930s, he became involved in skiing explorations in the Assiniboine, Skoki and Sunshine areas. Pat Brewster was active in community affairs and, in his later years, was an avid historian of the region. He published three books of reminiscences between 1975 and 1982.
- Scope & Content
- Fonds consists of four series: I. Personal, II. Professional, III. Activities, IV. Brewster family.
- I. Personal series, 1905-1982, 18 cm of textual records, 160 photographs, 2 sound recordings. Includes correspondence, interview and recorded conversation, address/notebook, artwork, other textual records, photographs.
- II. Professional series, 1892-1982, 47.5 cm of textual records, 266 photographs, 1 sound recording. Includes papers pertaining to various Brewster family and other businesses, writing papers and sound recording, and photographs pertaining to guiding and outfitting, tourism promotion and other.
- III. Activities series, 1841-1983, 6.5 cm of textual records, 262 photographs. Pertains to genealogical research, other activities and collected material.
- IV. Brewster family series, 1841-1981, 2.5 cm of textual records, 132 photographs. Pertains to Brewster family, Jack Brewster, John Brewster, Pearl Brewster Moore and the Moore family.
- Name Access
- Brewster, Pat
- Access Restrictions
- Some restrictions on access to originals
- Copyright, privacy, commercial use and other restrictions may apply
- Language
- English
- Finding Aid
- Finding aids and reference tools: arrangement outline
- series and file description
- electronic finding aid
- reference copies and summaries for sound recordings
- Creator
- Brewster, Pat
- Title Source
- Title based on contents of fonds
- Processing Status
- Processed
This material is presented as originally created; it may contain outdated cultural descriptions and
potentially offensive content.
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Lawrence Allison Duncan fonds
https://archives.whyte.org/en/permalink/descriptions168
- Part Of
- Lawrence Allison Duncan fonds
- Scope & Content
- Fonds pertains to L. A. Duncan; Duncan family; Banff, Alberta and area; Alpine Club of Canada camps, especially 1919 Victory Camp (Yoho Valley); Rocky Mountains scenes, wildflowers and wildlife; Indians; Calgary and area events; oil industry; Alberta scenes and landscapes. Photograph series are: I.…
- Date Range
- [ca.1880-ca.1950]
- Reference Code
- M32 / V181
- Description Level
- 1 / Fonds
- GMD
- Photograph
- Album
- Negative
- Photograph print
- Transparency
- Textual record
- Private record
- Published record
- Part Of
- Lawrence Allison Duncan fonds
- Description Level
- 1 / Fonds
- Fonds Number
- M 32
- V 181
- Sous-Fonds
- M 32
- V 181
- Accession Number
- 3327, 3445, 3572, 3675, 3849
- Reference Code
- M32 / V181
- GMD
- Photograph
- Album
- Negative
- Photograph print
- Transparency
- Textual record
- Private record
- Published record
- Date Range
- [ca.1880-ca.1950]
- Physical Description
- ca.950 photographs : albums, negatives, prints, transparencies. -- 5 photograph albums (ca.725 prints). -- 2 textual records
- History / Biographical
- Lawrence (Laurie, Larry) Allison Duncan, 1890-1978, was a photographer, businessman and collector at Calgary, Alberta, Canada. Born in Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, Duncan came to Alberta in 1908 with his parents, Thomas Henry Duncan and Elizabeth Jane (Gill) Duncan, who settled on a ranch at Okotoks. For a time, Laurie Duncan operated a photography business in Calgary, specializing in views of Calgary, Indians, ranching and the Canadian Rockies. He attended Alpine Club of Canada camps in the 1920s, after becoming a member in 1920 with his graduating climb of Mount President, 1919. He was active in professional photography into the 1930s. Duncan was self-taught in mineralogy, painting and photography and was active for over fifty years in the development of mining and petroleum interests in the United States and Canada. Larry Duncan was an avid collector of shells, gems, rocks, fossils and cultural artifacts.
- Scope & Content
- Fonds pertains to L. A. Duncan; Duncan family; Banff, Alberta and area; Alpine Club of Canada camps, especially 1919 Victory Camp (Yoho Valley); Rocky Mountains scenes, wildflowers and wildlife; Indians; Calgary and area events; oil industry; Alberta scenes and landscapes.
- Photograph series are: I. Photograph albums, including Duncan family albums, ca.1880-ca.1910, 3 items (ca.400 prints), and L. A. Duncan albums, 1908-1950, 2 items (ca.300 prints); II. Negatives, including glass negatives, ca.1920, 146 items, and film negatives, ca.1910-ca.1950, ca.580 items (including prints); III. Prints, ca.1890-ca.1940, ca.200 items, includes some prints by Harry Pollard; IV. Transparencies, ca.1915, 18 items. Most photographs were made by L. A. Duncan.
- Textual items are ACC membership nomination ballot, 1919-1920, signed by L. A. Duncan, and newsclipping, 1965, re Duncan's involvement in the Calgary Rock and Lapidary Club.
- Name Access
- Duncan, Lawrence
- Subject Access
- Alpine Club of Canada
- Commerce and industry
- Family and personal life
- Sports, recreation and leisure
- Access Restrictions
- No restrictions on access
- Copyright, privacy, commercial use and other restrictions may apply
- Language
- Language is English
- Finding Aid
- Finding aids and reference tools: arrangement outline
- Related Material
- Accompanied by artifacts (Heritage collections).
- Creator
- Duncan, Lawrence
- Title Source
- Title based on accession records
- Processing Status
- Processed
This material is presented as originally created; it may contain outdated cultural descriptions and
potentially offensive content.
Read more.
Bruno Engler fonds
https://archives.whyte.org/en/permalink/descriptions174
- Part Of
- Bruno Engler fonds
- Scope & Content
- Fonds is primarily a broad-ranging commercial negative collection pertaining to Banff and area, including businesses, buildings, projects, events, people and scenic views; skiing, mountain travel and recreation; Sunshine Village Ski Area; warden activities in the mountain parks; national and provin…
- Date Range
- [ca.1886]-1998, predominant ca.1940-1995
- Reference Code
- M323 / S40 / V190
- Description Level
- 1 / Fonds
- GMD
- Machine-readable data file
- Motion picture
- Film
- Video
- Photograph
- Album
- Negative
- Photograph print
- Sound recording
- Cassette
- Reel to reel
- Textual record
- Corporate record
- Map
- Private record
- Published record
- Part Of
- Bruno Engler fonds
- Description Level
- 1 / Fonds
- Fonds Number
- M 323
- S 40
- V 190
- Sous-Fonds
- M 323
- S 40
- V 190
- Accession Number
- 188, 1300, 2622, 2998, 3468, 3496, 5507, 6200, 6770 (unproc), 7045(unproc), 7436 (unproc)
- Reference Code
- M323 / S40 / V190
- GMD
- Machine-readable data file
- Motion picture
- Film
- Video
- Photograph
- Album
- Negative
- Photograph print
- Sound recording
- Cassette
- Reel to reel
- Textual record
- Corporate record
- Map
- Private record
- Published record
- Date Range
- [ca.1886]-1998, predominant ca.1940-1995
- Physical Description
- ca.31,580 photographs: negatives, prints, and transparencies. -- 1 photograph album (ca.150 prints). -- 50 motion pictures: 1 original, 8 copies on 3 video cassettes, 41 film reels: 16mm, 35mm. -- 18 sound recordings: audio tape reels, audio tape cassettes. -- 5 electronic records: computer diskettes. -- 3 maps. -- 15 cm textual records.
- History / Biographical
- Bruno Engler, 1915-2001, was a mountain guide, ski instructor, photographer and film maker at Banff and Canmore, Alberta, Canada. Engler arrived from Switzerland in 1939 and initially worked as a mountain guide and ski instructor for the Canadian Pacific Railway, Sunshine ski area and for Deer Lodge at Lake Louise, Alberta. During the Second World War, he served as a mountain warfare instructor for the Canadian Army. Following the war, Engler worked as a free-lance photographer for the National Film Board and others; as coach of the University of Alberta Ski Team; and as a technical advisor, cameraman and actor for numerous movies made in the Banff area. Throughout his career, Engler worked as a still and motion picture photographer, both for the movie industry and for governments at all levels, as well as operating his own business, Alpine Films of Banff, Alberta.
- Scope & Content
- Fonds is primarily a broad-ranging commercial negative collection pertaining to Banff and area, including businesses, buildings, projects, events, people and scenic views; skiing, mountain travel and recreation; Sunshine Village Ski Area; warden activities in the mountain parks; national and provincial parks; scenic views of western Canada, particularly mountain landscapes; some portraits and candid shots of local and international personalities. Photographs pertaining to film making include helicopter rescue; highway construction; Norquay, Sunshine, and Lake Louise ski areas' histories; Banff events and buildings; Canmore events and buildings; professional and amateur ski races; scenic mountain and wildlife; mountaineering and highway accidents; mountain guiding trips including Pierre Trudeau, Roland Michener and Peter Lougheed. Fonds consists of four series: Photography, Motion Pictures, Sound Recordings, and Textual records. Photography series consists of four sub-series established by the photographer: I. Old file, 1949-1970; II. Main file, alphabetical A - Z, 1950-1976; III Sunshine file, [1939], 1950-1975; IV. Warden file, 1954-1976.
- Motion pictures on video cassettes are footage of skiing at Sunshine, 1930s; Clifford White films, 1930s, from WMCR Archives collection (V682); "Snow Capers" by Thomas Mead, 1946, includes Engler; "Ski Pro's Holiday" by George Encil, 1950?; "Mount Bulyea" by George Encil, 1950?, includes Engler; "Diary of a Mountain Man," a CBC documentary feature on Bruno Engler broadcast on "20/20" in 1965 (ca.27 minutes); "Great Days in the Rockies" by National Film Board of Canada, 1983; "Mountain Man" by Banff Centre, 1985, re Engler. Original film is "Sunshine 1940" and includes Brewster Transport ski buses travelling from train station to Sunshine Lodge, skiers, guide, lessons, games, rope tow, ski action, slalom, Bruno Engler, other. 16mm and 35mm film reels, 1946-1964 are films produced by the National Film Board.
- Sound recordings, electronic records and and related textual material pertain to interviews with Bruno Engler, 1987, done by Brian Patton and Jon Whyte for Bruno Engler autobiography project. Interviews covered Engler's life, but are not complete to 1987. Transcripts, prepared from recordings by Brenda Goeres, are not verbatim. Audio tape cassettes consist of portions of content of audio tape reels.
- Textual records include corporate records, newspaper clippings and magazine articles pertaining to film making, cast and crew listings and schedules for various movies, ski racing, mountain guiding trips and ski race listings. Also included is documentation pertaining to film making with producer National Film Board including letters, film stock footage, press releases, and film summaries; maps indicate film location shots for Arctic Rampage.
- Name Access
- Engler, Bruno
- Subject Access
- Arts
- Environment
- Exploration, discovery and travel
- Family and personal life
- Government
- Sports, recreation and leisure
- Access Restrictions
- Some restriction/s on access
- Copyright, privacy, commercial use and other restrictions may apply
- Language
- Language is English
- Finding Aid
- Finding aids and reference tools: basic description
- electronic finding aid
- Related Material
- Duplicate or further transcripts for sound recordings are found in Jon Whyte fonds (M88).
- Creator
- Engler, Bruno
- Category
- Arts
- Environment
- Exploration, discovery and travel
- Family and personal life
- Government
- Sports, recreation and leisure
- Title Source
- Title based on accession records and contents of fonds
- Processing Status
- Processed / Unprocessed
This material is presented as originally created; it may contain outdated cultural descriptions and
potentially offensive content.
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Edward Feuz fonds
https://archives.whyte.org/en/permalink/descriptions178
- Part Of
- Edward Feuz fonds
- Scope & Content
- Fonds consists of photographs, 1911-ca.1958; professional papers, 1901-1957; letters, 1941-1961; scrapbook, 1923-1972; and newsclippings, 1969. Photographs pertain mainly to mountaineering trips and climbs, mainly led by Edward Feuz Jr. in the Rocky and Selkirk Mountains, and includes many first as…
- Date Range
- 1881-[ca.1976]
- Reference Code
- M93 / V200
- Description Level
- 1 / Fonds
- GMD
- Photograph
- Album
- Negative
- Photograph print
- Transparency
- Textual record
- Private record
- Published record
- Scrapbook
- Part Of
- Edward Feuz fonds
- Description Level
- 1 / Fonds
- Fonds Number
- M 93
- V 200
- Sous-Fonds
- M 93
- V 200
- Accession Number
- 656, 795, 1015, 1091, 1095, 2052, 2099, 2444, 2808, 2995, 3571
- Reference Code
- M93 / V200
- GMD
- Photograph
- Album
- Negative
- Photograph print
- Transparency
- Textual record
- Private record
- Published record
- Scrapbook
- Date Range
- 1881-[ca.1976]
- Physical Description
- ca.1820 photographs (ca.700 prints, ca.170 negatives, ca.950 transparencies). -- 1 photograph album (ca.180 prints). -- 4 cm of textual records
- History / Biographical
- Edward Feuz Jr., 1884-1981, was a Canadian Pacific Railway mountain guide at Lake Louise, Alberta and Glacier and Golden, British Columbia, Canada. Feuz was the son of one of the first Swiss Guides brought to Canada by the Canadian Pacific Railway. He climbed at Field and Glacier House in 1903 with his father and guided during summers from 1905 to 1912, settling that year in the Edelweiss Village at Golden, British Columbia. Until his retirement in the 1950s, he accompanied the finest climbers and was involved in over seventy first ascents of peaks over 3048 metres.
- Scope & Content
- Fonds consists of photographs, 1911-ca.1958; professional papers, 1901-1957; letters, 1941-1961; scrapbook, 1923-1972; and newsclippings, 1969.
- Photographs pertain mainly to mountaineering trips and climbs, mainly led by Edward Feuz Jr. in the Rocky and Selkirk Mountains, and includes many first ascents. Many photographs were taken by clients who sent copies to Feuz. Photographs also pertain to clients, associates and friends, Lake Louise Chalet and Chateau Lake Louise, Lake Louise area, Feuz homes at Edelweiss and Golden, and scenic views in the Rocky and Selkirk Mountains. Negatives are largely unidentified. Original colour transparencies by Edward Feuz, ca.1950-ca.1976, pertain to trips and scenic views in the Rocky Mountains. ; Professional papers include: Feuz's fuhrer-buch (guidebook) containing his certification as a Swiss Guide and testimonials from clients in Switzerland and Canada, 1901-1957; certificate of life membership, Alpine Club of Canada, 1947; and records of climbs re the Chateau Lake Louise, 1913-1930. Letters, scrapbook and clippings all pertain to Feuz's career, clients and mountaineering.
- Also includes fuhrer-buch of Edward Feuz Sr., 1859-1944, Switzerland and Glacier, B.C.
- Name Access
- Feuz, Edward
- Subject Access
- Exploration, discovery and travel
- Family and personal life
- Sports, recreation and leisure
- Access Restrictions
- Some restriction/s on access
- Copyright, privacy, commercial use and other restrictions may apply
- Language
- Language is English
- Finding Aid
- Finding aids and reference tools: file description and index
- electronic finding aid for photographs
- Creator
- Feuz, Edward
- Title Source
- Title based on contents of fonds
- Processing Status
- Processed
This material is presented as originally created; it may contain outdated cultural descriptions and
potentially offensive content.
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Hans Gmoser fonds
https://archives.whyte.org/en/permalink/descriptions449
- Part Of
- Hans Gmoser fonds
- Scope & Content
- Fonds consists of films, video recording, sound recordings, textual records and photographs produced and collected by Hans Gmoser. Film series (I.) includes: A.1. Presentation films by Hans Gmoser Productions, 1956-1967, 10 items. Feature-length adventure/annual films, mainly silent for live narrat…
- Date Range
- [ca.1950-ca.1995]
- Reference Code
- M224 / S49 / V68
- Description Level
- 1 / Fonds
- GMD
- Motion picture
- Film
- Video
- Photograph
- Album
- Negative
- Photograph print
- Sound recording
- Reel to reel
- Textual record
- Map
- Private record
- Published record
- Part Of
- Hans Gmoser fonds
- Description Level
- 1 / Fonds
- Fonds Number
- M 224
- S 49
- V 68
- Sous-Fonds
- M 224
- S 49
- V 68
- Accession Number
- 5650, 5878, 6802, 7361 (unprocessed), 7877 (unproc), 8111 (unproc)
- Reference Code
- M224 / S49 / V68
- GMD
- Motion picture
- Film
- Video
- Photograph
- Album
- Negative
- Photograph print
- Sound recording
- Reel to reel
- Textual record
- Map
- Private record
- Published record
- Date Range
- [ca.1950-ca.1995]
- Physical Description
- 25 motion pictures: 41 film reels, also audio reels and magnetic track. -- 17 film reels, 7 film strips, 1 video recording. -- 25 sound recordings. -- 15.5 cm textual records. -- ca.640 photographs: negatives, copy negatives, prints. -- 2 photograph albums. -- 39 cartographic records: maps, some annotated.
- History / Biographical
- Hans Gmoser, 1932-2006 was born in Braunau, Austria in 1932. During his long career he worked as a mountain guide, mountaineer, ski instructor, skier, cinematographer, lecturer, and founder and Chairman of the Board of Directors of Canadian Mountain Holidays. Hans Gmoser was also an active cyclist and was based in Banff and Harvie Heights, Alberta.
- Gmoser gained early skiing and mountaineering experience in post-war Austria before emigrating to Canada with his friend Leo Grillmair in 1951. Lizzie Rummel gave him his first job in the mountains at Mount Assiniboine. By 1953 he was working as a mountain guide and founded Rocky Mountain Guides Ltd. (Canadian Mountain Holidays CMH) in 1957. That year he began filming promotional films containing climbing and skiing adventure sequences. He first used fixed-wing aircraft and later helicopters, starting in 1963, to transport clients for spring skiing and summer climbing. Gmoser toured throughout North America promoting his skiing and climbing films, attracting large audiences with his inspiring lectures.
- Gmoser built Bugaboo Lodge in 1968, the first of six lodges which also include Bobbie Burns, Galena, Gothics, Adamants and Cariboo lodges, to serve international heli-skiers and heli-hikers. Gmoser retired from Canadian Mountain Holidays in 1993. Hans Gmoser received honourary memberships in the Alpine Club of Canada and the International Federation of Mountain Guides Associations. He was elected to the Honour Roll of Canadian Skiing and the U.S. National Ski Hall of Fame and received the Banff Mountain Film Festival Summit of Excellence Award. In 1987 Hans Gmoser was awarded the Order of Canada.
- Scope & Content
- Fonds consists of films, video recording, sound recordings, textual records and photographs produced and collected by Hans Gmoser.
- Film series (I.) includes: A.1. Presentation films by Hans Gmoser Productions, 1956-1967, 10 items. Feature-length adventure/annual films, mainly silent for live narration with background music. Some with sound tracks. A.2. Edited versions of presentation films, 1959-1968, 5 motion pictures. B. Other films by Hans Gmoser, 1962-[1969], 8 motion pictures. C. Out-takes, fragment and miscellaneous films, 1960-ca.1970, 17 film reels; Skifarri - Head Hunter film, 1924-1950s, 7 negative strips. D. Collected films, ca.1960, 1972, 2 motion pictures.
- Other series are: II. Video recording, 1979; III. Sound recordings (not related to films) include 23 reel to reel tapes of classical and traditional folk songs, 1961 and 1979; IV. Textual records, ca.1955-ca.1995, in the form of film documentation, script to "Ski's over McKinley," certificates, Order of Canada correspondence and information, personal papers and correspondence, maps and other records; V. Photographs, 1950-1986. Photographs pertain to ski trips, climbing expeditions to Mt. Logan, Mt. Robson, Wapta Glacier, Columbia Icefields, Canoe Glacier, Rodgers pass trip, mountaineering clubs, Trudeau/Bugaboo trip, Assiniboine Lodge, portraits of Lizzie Rummel, Erling Strom, and Jim Davies. Albums consist of photographs taken during ski trips in Austria.
- Films depict a mixture of skiing and climbing including spring skiing, powder skiing, glacier skiing on Columbia Icefield, heli-skiing in the Rockies and Selkirks and ascents of Mount Logan, Yukon, and Mounts Blackburn and McKinley, Alaska, also rock and ice climbing. Feature length films consist of, or are accompanied by, all or some of the following elements: 16mm originals (A and B rolls); work prints, out takes, 16mm mag track (sound); 1/4" audio tape (background music to accompany narration, 7 items); teasers (TV film clips) and the following items included in the textual records: narration scripts, teaser text, descriptive flyers, press releases, annual pamphlets and ad solicitation for same, censor certificates, related correspondence, maps, oversize promotional posters for Gmoser's films "With Ski and Rope" 1957, and a handmade poster by Banff Ski Runners for "Adventure Bound" and related ephemera.
- Name Access
- Gmoser, Hans
- Subject Access
- Commerce and industry
- Exploration, discovery and travel
- Sports, recreation and leisure
- Transportation
- Access Restrictions
- Some restrictions on access to originals
- Copyright, privacy, commercial use and other restrictions may apply
- Language
- Language is primarily English
- Includes some material in German
- Finding Aid
- Finding aids and reference tools: arrangement outline
- series and file description
- electronic finding aid
- video reference copies for some films in sub-series I.A.
- Creator
- Gmoser, Hans
- Category
- Commerce and industry
- Exploration, discovery and travel
- Sports, recreation and leisure
- Transportation
- Biographical Source Notes
- accession record, Hans Gmoser; Chic Scott's bio/obit notes 2006.
- Title Source
- Title based on accession record and contents of fonds
- Processing Status
- Processed / Unprocessed
This material is presented as originally created; it may contain outdated cultural descriptions and
potentially offensive content.
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Skyline Hikers of the Canadian Rockies fonds
https://archives.whyte.org/en/permalink/descriptions604
- Scope & Content
- Fonds consists of the records of the Skyline Hikers of the Canadian Rockies and reflect the society's organisation, activities, events, and membership. Photographic records include 22 photograph albums documenting Skyline camps, hikes and members; photographs collected by Marian Goldstrom during r…
- Date Range
- [1933]-2000
- Reference Code
- M121 / S27 / V480
- Description Level
- 1 / Fonds
- GMD
- Motion picture
- Video
- Photograph
- Album
- Photograph print
- Transparency
- Sound recording
- Cassette
- Textual record
- Organization record
- Published record
- Description Level
- 1 / Fonds
- Fonds Number
- M 121
- S 27
- V 480
- Sous-Fonds
- M 121
- S 27
- V 480
- Accession Number
- 6678, 7437 (unproc)
- Reference Code
- M121 / S27 / V480
- GMD
- Motion picture
- Video
- Photograph
- Album
- Photograph print
- Transparency
- Sound recording
- Cassette
- Textual record
- Organization record
- Published record
- Other Title Info
- Previously known as Skyline Trail Hikers of the Canadian Rockies
- Date Range
- [1933]-2000
- Physical Description
- 22 photograph albums. -- photographs: ca.160 transparencies; 35mm, ca.30 prints, 2 videocassettes. -- 1.3 m textual records. -- 4 audiocassettes
- History / Biographical
- In the 1920s John Murray Gibbon, Head of the Publicity Department of the Canadian Pacific Railway, recommended the creation of new activities and recreational pursuits for tourists visiting the national parks. Gibbon decided that horseback riding and sleeping outdoors in tents, teepees, or railway bungalow camps would appeal to many tourists and the Skyline Trail Riders of the Canadian Rockies was established. Outdoor enthusiasts who visited Banff annually along with Banff and area residents proposed a similar organization for hikers. Gibbon responded with the Skyline Trail Hikers of the Canadian Rockies, with their inaugural hike occurring in 1933. The first annual meeting of the Skyline Trail Hikers of the Canadian Rockies was held immediately following the first hike and N.B. Sanson, retired meteorologist of Banff, became the Club's first president. The five vice-presidents elected were: Major Selby Walker of Calgary, Peter Whyte of Banff, Carl Rungius of New York, Ian Somerville of Philadelphia, and Miss Georgina Englehard of New York. A secretary-treasurer and council members were also elected and a certified hiking mileage of 25 miles in the Canadian Rockies was set as the criteria for admission of new members.
- In 1961 C.P.R. sponsorship ceased for both the Trail Riders and the Trail Hikers of the Canadian Rockies. Both groups re-organized as separate volunteer, non-profit organizations and the Skyline Trail Hikers of the Canadian Rockies was renamed the Skyline Hikers of the Canadian Rockies. The offices of the five vice-presidents as well as the honourary president were discontinued and replaced with an executive commitee consisting of President, Vice-President, Executive Secretary, and Committee Chairperson.
- The Skyline Hikers of the Canadian Rockies establish a new base camp location each summer and coordinate five 1-week camps from that base camp throughout the summer.
- Scope & Content
- Fonds consists of the records of the Skyline Hikers of the Canadian Rockies and reflect the society's organisation, activities, events, and membership. Photographic records include 22 photograph albums documenting Skyline camps, hikes and members; photographs collected by Marian Goldstrom during research for "Fifty Years of Trails and Tales, Skyline Trail Hikers of the Canadian Rockies," published in 1982; ca.160 35mm transparencies in 2 Kodak carousels containing promotional slides, presenter's guidelines and 4 sound track audio-tapes; 1 BASF videotape containing a recording of CBC mini-report about Skyline Hikers; 1 TDK videotape "Skyline Camp at Sunset Pass 1998" by Moe Bilous.
- Textual records include Skyline Hikers minutes of meetings, 1961-1980 and 1980-1997; minutes, agendas, and reports, 1991-1995 and 1996-1997; marketing articles and advertisements; guest lists, 1949-1975; membership lists, 1973-1986; by-laws, 1961-1976, 1986; outfitter's agreement, 1998-99; hostess guidelines, 1991; camp and membership lists, 1991-2000; correspondence with Parks Canada and miscellaneous; budgets, 1994-1997; legal insurance, completed evaluations, 1994-1996; cardex files of membership cards and inactive members.
- Name Access
- Goldstrom, Marion (collector)
- Skyline Hikers of the Canadian Rockies
- Skyline Trail Hikers of the Canadian Rockies
- Subject Access
- Hiking
- Sports, recreation and leisure
- Access Restrictions
- No restrictions on access
- Copyright, privacy, commercial use and other restrictions may apply
- Language
- Language is English
- Finding Aid
- box list for unprocessed material
- Category
- Sports, recreation and leisure
- Biographical Source Notes
- Accession record, Marian Goldstrom, ed. "Fifty Years of Trails and Tales" (Calgary: Skyline Hikers of the Canadian Rockies, 1982)
- Title Source
- Title based on provenance of fonds
- Processing Status
- Processed / Unprocessed
This material is presented as originally created; it may contain outdated cultural descriptions and
potentially offensive content.
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