Narrow Results By
- Banff Public Library fonds 1
- Banff School District No. 102 fonds 1
- Barbara Webb fonds 1
- Ben Gadd fonds 1
- Dorothy Wardle fonds 1
- Harry J. Lines fonds 1
- Jean A. Hembroff MacDonald fonds 1
- Maryalice Harvey Stewart fonds 1
- Patrick Fuller fonds 1
- Peter and Catharine Whyte Foundation fonds 1
- Ron Duke fonds 1
Banff Public Library fonds
https://archives.whyte.org/en/permalink/descriptions70
- Part Of
- Banff Public Library fonds
- Scope & Content
- Fonds consists of correspondence re establishment and premises, 1949-1961; constitution and minutes, 1949-2006; miscellaneous textual items, including poster, blueprint and calendar of community events, 1974-1976; and a sound recording of the Banff Library/Seniors Centre opening ceremony, April 20,…
- Date Range
- 1949-2007
- Reference Code
- M71 / S32 / V785
- Description Level
- 1 / Fonds
- GMD
- Machine-readable data file
- Motion picture
- Video
- Photograph
- Album
- Photograph print
- Sound recording
- Reel to reel
- Textual record
- Corporate record
- Published record
- Part Of
- Banff Public Library fonds
- Description Level
- 1 / Fonds
- Fonds Number
- M 71
- S 32
- V785
- Sous-Fonds
- M71 / S32 / V785
- Accession Number
- 200, 429, 1010, 1919, 2043, 2548, 4074, 2017.8661
- Reference Code
- M71 / S32 / V785
- GMD
- Machine-readable data file
- Motion picture
- Video
- Photograph
- Album
- Photograph print
- Sound recording
- Reel to reel
- Textual record
- Corporate record
- Published record
- Date Range
- 1949-2007
- Physical Description
- 6 cm of textual records. -- 1 sound recording : audio tape reel; 217cm of unprocessed textual and visual material
- History / Biographical
- The Banff Public Library, also known as the Banff Library, was initially sponsored by local service groups in various premises, including the Banff Clinic, 1949-1961, a home on the Whyte property, 1961-1967, and in the Peter and Catharine Whyte Foundation building (now Whyte Museum of the Canadian Rockies) from 1968-1985. In 1985, the Banff Public Library relocated to the lower floor of the new Banff Library/Seniors Centre, and in 1990 the library came under the jurisdiction of the new Town of Banff.
- Scope & Content
- Fonds consists of correspondence re establishment and premises, 1949-1961; constitution and minutes, 1949-2006; miscellaneous textual items, including poster, blueprint and calendar of community events, 1974-1976; and a sound recording of the Banff Library/Seniors Centre opening ceremony, April 20, 1985. Unprocessed Includes: Box 1 consists of Banff Public Library minutes 1949 to 1994 Box 2 consists of Banff Public Library minutes 1995 to 2006 Box 3 consists of: Banff Public Library Needs Assessment, 1987, Banff Public Library Collection Assessment Project January – April 1995, Banff Public Library Renovations 1998, Banff Public Library Bylaws & Policy (1983?), Banff Public Library Plan of Service, By-Laws & Policy (1994?), Banff Public Library Rules & Regulations (1953-54?), George Stacey, Proposed Library Philosophy 1981, and Banff Public Library Goals & Objectives 1998, and Minutes of the Banff Library/Seniors’ Centre Building Committee. Also included is Proposed Banff Seniors’s Centre/Library Complex: Proposed Financing and funds, Proposal for Architectural Services, Budget for Construction and Consulting costs, Site Plan. Documents regarding establishing a Building Committee: Letter from George Stacey, Secretary-Treasurer, Banff Library Board to W. R. Roberge, Chairman, Banff School District No. 102 requesting School District representation on the Building Committee and List of Committee members Other various documents included are: Library Building Program Checklist, Review and remarks of the Building Committee’s visit to Lacombe, Space & design requirements; Fundraising, Planning, Clippings, One file “Banff Public Library up to 1962 clippings (incl. 1949 & before), Nine files labelled 1990-91, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999 containing newspaper clippings, advertisements, and programme posters. Also included: library logo contest c. 1985, One blue receipt book containing receipts for fundraising donations for the new library at 101 Bear St. c. 1982-83, Seniors’ Centre: Plans, Anticipated Needs and Suggestions, Library Citizen Survey, and Space Plan April 1981 Leasehold Correspondence
- Letter; E. J. Hart, Administrator, Peter and Catharine Whyte Foundation to George Stacey, Secretary/Treasurer Banff Library Board
- Letter; George Stacey, Secretary/Treasurer Banff Library Board to Cliff White, President, Peter and Catharine Whyte Foundation
- Letter; Lee Racine, Building and Development Officer, Parks Canada, Banff Township Office to Patricia Langridge, Chairperson Banff Library/Seniors’ Centre Building Committee
- Letter; Patricia Langridge, Chairperson Banff Library/Seniors’ Centre Building Committee to Mr. Tom Ross, Acting Superintendent, Banff National Park
- Letter; E. J. Hart, Administrator, Peter and Catharine Whyte Foundation to Patricia Langridge, Chairperson Banff Library/Seniors’ Centre Building Committee
- Letter: Patricia E. McNamee, Librarian/Secretary/Treasurer, Banff Public Library to Patricia Langridge, Chairperson Banff Library/Seniors’ Centre Building Committee
- Letter: Patricia E. McNamee, Librarian/Secretary/Treasurer, Banff Public Library to Patricia Langridge, Chairperson Banff Library/Seniors’ Centre Building Committee Box 4 Two small green photograph albums
- Banff Public Library 1984-1989
- Banff Public Library 2003-2007 Programming, staff events, renovations
- Fourteen photos mounted on foam core with a sheet of paper describing the images. Copied and mounted by Chic Scott for a library celebration c. 2005. Box 5 Two guest books containing visitor comments from 1999 and 2000 One file of negatives – ca. 1970? to 2000? and 1 CD-R disc containing 109 J-PEG photos dating 2000-2007 One VHS containing the Much Music Snowjob event, March 1995 containing a segment filmed in the library (staff Margaret Watson & Max Elliott). Special program event posters
- Name Access
- Banff Public Library
- Subject Access
- Education
- Access Restrictions
- No restrictions on access
- Copyright, privacy, commercial use and other restrictions may apply
- Language
- Language is English
- Finding Aid
- box list for unprocessed material
- Creator
- Banff Public Library
- Category
- Education
- Title Source
- Title based on contents of fonds
- Processing Status
- Processed / Unprocessed
This material is presented as originally created; it may contain outdated cultural descriptions and
potentially offensive content.
Read more.
Banff School District No. 102 fonds
https://archives.whyte.org/en/permalink/descriptions11
- Scope & Content
- Fonds consists mainly of textual records in the form of minutes, 1895-1983; miscellaneous administrative files on school operations and local government, 1920-1979; legal and financial records, 1888-1979; assessment and tax rolls, 1901-1972, 19 v.; attendance registers, 1888-1986, 987 v.; an annive…
- Date Range
- 1887-1986
- Reference Code
- M4 / V44
- Description Level
- 1 / Fonds
- GMD
- Photograph
- Photograph print
- Textual record
- Government record
- Description Level
- 1 / Fonds
- Fonds Number
- M4
- V44
- Sous-Fonds
- M4
- V44
- Accession Number
- 209, 2193, 2305, 2470, 2561, 2889, 2980, 3178, 3272, 3750, 4026, 5140, 5397, 5536, 7999
- Reference Code
- M4 / V44
- Date Range
- 1887-1986
- Physical Description
- ca.7.5 m of textual records. -- ca.144 photographs : prints
- History / Biographical
- The Banff School District No.102 provided elementary and secondary education for Banff and area from 1887 until 1994, when it was replaced by the Canadian Rockies Regional Division No.12. During the 1970s and 1980s the district assumed, in the absence of a municipal government, responsibilities for aspects of local government as well as school administration. After 1990, the district's responsibilities strictly pertained to public education.
- Scope & Content
- Fonds consists mainly of textual records in the form of minutes, 1895-1983; miscellaneous administrative files on school operations and local government, 1920-1979; legal and financial records, 1888-1979; assessment and tax rolls, 1901-1972, 19 v.; attendance registers, 1888-1986, 987 v.; an anniversary issue of the Banff High School by The Cascadian, 1913-1933 containing a brief history of the school and autographs; and Robert D. Townsend trustee and chairman records, 1968-1977. Local government-related bodies referred to include: Banff Joint Committee on Future Townsite Administration, Banff Advisory Council, Banff Townsite Provisional Administration Board and Banff Townsite Options Review Committee. Townsend records consist of school board trustee and chairman files, 1968-1977, and local government information files assembled by Townsend, 1973-1977. Photographs pertain to school classes, faculty, activities and town views; 1887-1970.
- Subject Access
- Education
- Government
- Access Restrictions
- Some restriction/s on access
- Copyright, privacy, commercial use and other restrictions may apply
- Language
- English
- Finding Aid
- Finding aids and reference tools: series and file description
- Related Material
- Portion of fonds is related to Banff Joint Committee on Future Townsite Administration sound recording (S30) and Banff Townsite Provisional Administration Board fonds (M347)
- Creator
- Banff School District No. 102
- Category
- Education
- Government
- Title Source
- Title based on contents of fonds
- Processing Status
- Processed
- Unprocessed
This material is presented as originally created; it may contain outdated cultural descriptions and
potentially offensive content.
Read more.
Barbara Webb fonds
https://archives.whyte.org/en/permalink/descriptions402
- Part Of
- Barbara Webb fonds
- Scope & Content
- Fonds consists of sample report cards from the Mountain School, 1939; manuscripts, clippings, etc. re Mineral Springs Hospital and Brett Hospital history and nursing, ca.1956-1965; "The Mountain School: a dream come true" by Susan J. Webb, 1978, re Margaret and Henry Greenham and their private scho…
- Date Range
- [ca.1890]-1978
- Reference Code
- M400 / V671
- Description Level
- 1 / Fonds
- GMD
- Photograph
- Photograph print
- Textual record
- Private record
- Published record
- Part Of
- Barbara Webb fonds
- Description Level
- 1 / Fonds
- Fonds Number
- M 400
- V 671
- Sous-Fonds
- M 400
- V 671
- Accession Number
- 2882, 3260, 7761
- Reference Code
- M400 / V671
- Date Range
- [ca.1890]-1978
- Physical Description
- .5 cm of textual records. -- 6 photographs : prints
- History / Biographical
- Barbara Webb, d.2004, was a former Banff, Alberta, Canada resident who attended the Mountain School as a girl
- Scope & Content
- Fonds consists of sample report cards from the Mountain School, 1939; manuscripts, clippings, etc. re Mineral Springs Hospital and Brett Hospital history and nursing, ca.1956-1965; "The Mountain School: a dream come true" by Susan J. Webb, 1978, re Margaret and Henry Greenham and their private school; photographs pertaining to the Sanitarium, Brett Hospital, Henry Greenham, Rotary Club of Banff, ca.1890-ca.1945.
- Name Access
- Webb, Barbara
- Subject Access
- Education
- Health services
- Access Restrictions
- No restrictions on access
- Copyright, privacy, commercial use and other restrictions may apply
- Language
- Language is English
- Finding Aid
- Finding aids and reference tools: basic description
- sound recording summary and copy recording
- Creator
- Webb, Barbara
- Category
- Education
- Health services
- Title Source
- Title based on accession records
- Processing Status
- Processed
This material is presented as originally created; it may contain outdated cultural descriptions and
potentially offensive content.
Read more.
Ben Gadd fonds
https://archives.whyte.org/en/permalink/descriptions55758
- Part Of
- Ben Gadd fonds
- Scope & Content
- Fonds consists of materials pertaining to Ben Gadd's personal life and career as an environmental researcher, educator, interpretive guide, publisher, public speaker and author, ca.1956-2018. Fonds includes maps, research materials, publication notes/drafts, correspondence, contracts, photographs, …
- Date Range
- 1956-2018
- Reference Code
- M590 / V810 / S61
- Description Level
- 1 / Fonds
- GMD
- Digital image
- Drawing
- Negative
- Newspaper clipping
- Photograph
- Photograph print
- Postcard
- Published record
- Textual record
- Video
- Transparency
- Part Of
- Ben Gadd fonds
- Description Level
- 1 / Fonds
- Fonds Number
- M590
- V810
- Sous-Fonds
- M590
- V810
- Accession Number
- 2021.20
- 2024.01
- Reference Code
- M590 / V810 / S61
- GMD
- Digital image
- Drawing
- Negative
- Newspaper clipping
- Photograph
- Photograph print
- Postcard
- Published record
- Textual record
- Video
- Transparency
- Date Range
- 1956-2018
- Physical Description
- ca. 7.9 metres of textual records -- ca. 274 maps -- 29 VHS tapes -- ca.15 discs with digital files -- 21 cassettes -- photographs -- oversized materials -- USB stick with 15 sldeshows
- History / Biographical
- Ben Gadd (1946-) is a retired naturalist, guide, geologist, instructor, freelance writer and award-winning author based in the Canadian Rockies. Ben was born in Colorado Springs, Colorado in 1946. He met his wife, Cia (Langdon) Gadd at Colorado College in 1965, and the couple married four weeks later. Ben and Cia had two sons, Will and Toby. Ben and his family relocated to Jasper in the late 1960s. Ben later attended the University of Lethbridge and graduated with a Bachelor's degree in Earth Science in 1972. Between 1976 and 1980, Ben taught classes at Mount Royal College and the Southern Alberta Institute of Technology; he later taught additional classes at Grant MacEwan College and Lakeland College. From 1981, Ben also worked as a seasonal naturalist/guide for Parks Canada. Ben left Parks Canada in 1985 to start an independent naturalist guiding business with Cia based in Jasper and other parts of the Canadian Rockies, which the couple continued to operate for over two decades. Ben published his best-known work, "Handbook of the Canadian Rockies", through his publishing company Corax Press in 1986. The second edition of "Handbook of the Canadian Rockies" received multiple awards after its release in 1995. Ben's fiction book, "Raven's End" won the title of Best Canadian Rockies Book at the Banff Mountain Film and Book Festival in 2001 and became a Canadian bestseller. Overall, Ben has authored or co-authored 11 books and received nearly one dozen awards for his achievements as a writer, researcher and guide. Ben continued to lead guided hikes and school programs until his retirement in 2016.
- Scope & Content
- Fonds consists of materials pertaining to Ben Gadd's personal life and career as an environmental researcher, educator, interpretive guide, publisher, public speaker and author, ca.1956-2018. Fonds includes maps, research materials, publication notes/drafts, correspondence, contracts, photographs, video and sound recordings, and other related material. Materials donated in 2024 include one USB stick containing
- Notes
- Ben Gadd fonds arrangement: Series I : Personal records - Subseries A : Travel guides and maps - Subseries B : Education and early writings - Subseries C : Personal interest files - Subseries D : Other personal and collected Series II : Research and publication records - Subseries A : Handbook of the Canadian Rockies - Subseries B : Other publications Series III : Professional records - Subseries A : Parks Canada Records - Subseries B : Interpretive guiding - Subseries C : Teaching records - Subseries D : Other contracts and projects Series IV : Legal and financial records - Subseries A : Legal records - Subseries B : Financial records
- Subject Access
- Education
- Research
- Publication
- Environment
- Geology
- Tourism
- Family and personal life
- Personal and Professional Life
- Academics
- Guiding
- Guides
- Businesses
- Finances
- Conservation
- Wildlife
- Natural history
- Sports and recreation
- Geographic Access
- Canada
- Alberta
- Jasper National Park
- Banff National Park
- Yoho National Park
- Kootenay National Park
- Lethbridge
- United States of America
- Colorado
- Canadian Rocky Mountains
- Reproduction Restrictions
- Copyright restrictions apply
- Language
- English
- French
- Dutch
- Title Source
- Title based on contents of fonds
- Processing Status
- Processed / Unprocessed
This material is presented as originally created; it may contain outdated cultural descriptions and
potentially offensive content.
Read more.
Dorothy Wardle fonds
https://archives.whyte.org/en/permalink/descriptions398
- Part Of
- Dorothy Wardle fonds
- Scope & Content
- Fonds consists of two sous-fonds: M521 and V75. M521 consists of four series, 154 cm, ca.1870-2002. Series I: Dorothy Wardle Personal Papers, 69.5 cm, ca.1870-2002 (includes Dorothy's written work and research and notes related to Banff). Series II: Wardle Family, 32.5 cm, 1872-1998 (including cor…
- Date Range
- ca.1870-2002
- Reference Code
- M521 / V75
- Description Level
- 1 / Fonds
- GMD
- Photograph
- Album
- Negative
- Photograph print
- Postcard
- Transparency
- Textual record
- Private record
- Published record
- Part Of
- Dorothy Wardle fonds
- Description Level
- 1 / Fonds
- Fonds Number
- M521
- V75
- Sous-Fonds
- M521
- V75
- Accession Number
- 5296, 5391, 7504
- Reference Code
- M521 / V75
- GMD
- Photograph
- Album
- Negative
- Photograph print
- Postcard
- Transparency
- Textual record
- Private record
- Published record
- Date Range
- ca.1870-2002
- Physical Description
- 154 cm of textual records. -- 1304 photographs (1190 prints, 95 negatives, 19 transparencies). -- 6 photograph albums.
- History / Biographical
- The Wardle family was comprised of husband and wife, James Morey Wardle (June 26,1888 - May 18,1971) and Maud Leette (Roney) Wardle (May 24,1889 - December 1,1969), and their one child, Dorothy Hope Wardle (May 23,1919 - July 20,2003). James Wardle, born in Chiliwack, British Columbia, was a civil engineer and public servant. He was the Superintendent of Banff National Park from 1918-1921, Chief Engineer for Parks Canada from 1921-1935, and Deputy Minister of the Interior from 1935-1936. He is primarily known as a highway design engineer, particularly for building the Banff-Windermere, Banff-Lake Louise, and Banff-Jasper highways. He was a councillor for the Municipality of Rockcliffe Park in Ontario and he was the President of the Trail Riders of the Canadian Rockies in Banff from 1925-1929. Mount Wardle in Vermillion was named after him in 1921. James married Leette on November 4, 1913, with whom he had one child, Dorothy. Born in Calgary, Alberta, Dorothy (also known as Dot and Dorie) grew up in Banff, Alberta and Ottawa, Ontario, due to her father's position with the federal government. She was educated at the Mountain School in Banff and at the Elmwood School in Ottawa. All three family members were graduates of Queen's University in Kingston, Ontario. James graduated in 1912 with a Bachelor of Science in Engineering, Leette graduated with a Bachelor's degree, and in 1942, Dorothy also earned a Bachelor's degree. Dorothy was prominent in student life and active in athletics. In 1941, Dorothy became the first woman elected as President of the Alma Mater Society and during her academic career, Dorothy was a member of the Levana Intercollegiate Debative, University Centenary Committee, and Queen’s War Aid Commission. Dorothy spent her career as a freelance writer however, upon graduation she served as the first Secretary-In-Charge of Records at Carleton College (now Carleton University) from 1942-1944 in Ottawa and in the mid-1950s worked as a secretary for the Glenbow Foundation in Calgary. Dorothy pursued a lifelong interest in traveling, art, and antiques. Although she was fiercely proud and protective of Banff and the Park, and remained a volunteer and patron of the Whyte Museum of the Canadian Rockies, Dorothy eventually settled in Sidney, British Columbia and shared an apartment with Sheila Iris Ritchie, with whom Dorothy travelled extensively. After her death in 2003, Dorothy, "Dorie," was laid to rest alongside her parents in the Old Banff Cemetery.
- Scope & Content
- Fonds consists of two sous-fonds: M521 and V75.
- M521 consists of four series, 154 cm, ca.1870-2002. Series I: Dorothy Wardle Personal Papers, 69.5 cm, ca.1870-2002 (includes Dorothy's written work and research and notes related to Banff). Series II: Wardle Family, 32.5 cm, 1872-1998 (including correspondence with Carl Rungius and Mrs. Helen Brett, and Christmas and other greeting cards from Peter and Catharine Whyte). Series III: Queen's University, 7.5 cm, 1911-1980 (including graduation certificates for each family member and records pertaining to Dorothy's participation on the Alma Mater Society). Series IV: Travel, 44.5 cm, ca.1950-1988 (includes hand-written notebooks meticulously detailing their travels).
- V75 consists of two series, 79.5 cm, ca. 1912-2001. Series I: Wardle Family, ca. 1912-1971, 6 albums, 31 cm of photograph prints and negatives (including family trips, trail rides in the Canadian Rocky Mountains, and family gatherings). Series II: Dorothy Wardle, 1972-2001, 34 cm of photograph prints, negatives, and transparencies (including Dorothy's travels in Alberta and British Columbia, overseas, and various outings with friends).
- Name Access
- Wardle, Dorothy
- Wardle, James
- Rungius, Carl
- Brett, Helen
- Keyte, Freeman
- Hart, E. J. (Ted)
- Harkin, J. B. (James Bernard)
- Brewster, Pat
- Peyto, Bill
- Brett, Robert George
- Sanson, Norman
- White, Clifford
- Drummond-Davies, Nora
- Mills, Ike
- McLean, George
- Walking Buffalo (George McLean)
- Kaquitts, Frank
- Oxborough, Dorothy
- Whyte, Jon
- Robinson, Dean
- Warren, Mary Schaffer
- Simpson, George
- Gibbon, John Murray
- Whyte, Catharine
- Whyte, Peter
- Greenham, Margaret
- Subject Access
- Arts
- Environment
- Personal and Family Life
- Banff
- Old Banff Cemetery
- Whyte Museum of the Canadian Rockies
- Cabins
- Travel
- Picnics and picnicking
- Holidays
- Scenery
- Christmas
- Dogs
- Horses
- Mountain
- Canoes and canoeing
- Hiking
- Wildlife
- War Memorial
- Highland Games
- Bow River Bridge
- Golfing
- Anniversary
- Horseback riding
- Indigenous Peoples
- Stoney Nakoda
- Education
- Snowshoes and snowshoeing
- Banff Winter Carnival
- Banff Winter Festival
- Women
- Trails
- Trail Riders of the Canadian Rockies
- Sports and leisure
- Skiing
- European travel
- Beach
- Calgary Herald
- Geography
- Government
- Newspaper
- Politics
- Research
- Banff Public Library
- National parks and reserves
- Park policy
- Parks Canada
- Wardens
- Ya-Ha-Tinda Ranch
- Community life
- Mines and mineral resources
- History
- Immigration and homesteading
- Settlement
- Organizations
- World War II
- Biographical
- Professional and Personal Life
- Grizzly Bears
- Fire fighters
- Sunshine Village
- Teahouses
- Banff Indian Days
- Regalia
- Calgary Stampede
- Mountain guides
- Mountain School
- The Albertan
- Crag and Canyon newspaper
- Homestead Hotel
- Banff Centre
- Hot Springs
- Superintendents
- Automobiles
- Natural history
- Records
- Calendar
- Finances
- Leases
- Legal and Financial
- Property
- Recreation
- Geographic Access
- Banff
- Banff National Park
- Canmore
- Alberta
- Canada
- Canadian Rocky Mountains
- Castle Mountain
- Bankhead
- British Columbia
- Glacier National Park
- Kootenay National Park
- Silver City
- Victoria
- Scotland
- Revelstoke
- Yoho National Park
- Ottawa
- Ontario
- Prince Edward Island
- Plain of Six Glaciers
- Lake Agnes
- Lake Louise
- Lake Minnewanka
- Lake O'Hara
- Bow River
- Calgary
- Sidney
- San Francisco
- United States
- Europe
- Germany
- Switzerland
- France
- Spain
- Monaco
- Italy
- Denmark
- Austria
- Quebec
- Windermere
- New York
- Assiniboine
- Ghost River
- High River
- Quebec City
- New Brunswick
- Maine
- Great Divide
- Moraine Lake
- Maligne Lake
- Columbia Icefield
- Washington
- Philadelphia
- Atlantic City
- Larch Valley
- Cascade Mountain
- Panama
- Sulphur Mountain
- Field
- Emerald Lake
- Head Smashed In Buffalo Jump
- Takkakaw Falls
- Jasper National Park
- Athabasca Falls
- Okanagan
- Kananaskis
- Hoodoos
- Powell River
- Montreal
- Access Restrictions
- Some restriction/s on access
- Copyright, privacy, commercial use and other restrictions may apply
- Language
- Language is English
- Related Material
- Dorothy also donated artwork (by Carl Rungius) to Art and Heritage.
- James Morey Wardle fonds (Library and Archives Canada)
- Category
- Arts
- Environment
- Education
- Exploration, discovery and travel
- Family and personal life
- First nations
- Sports, recreation and leisure
- Title Source
- Title based on accession records and contents of fonds
- Processing Status
- Processed
This material is presented as originally created; it may contain outdated cultural descriptions and
potentially offensive content.
Read more.
Harry J. Lines fonds
https://archives.whyte.org/en/permalink/descriptions638
- Part Of
- Harry J. Lines fonds
- Scope & Content
- Textual records include 1 vol. tribute book to Harry Lines, 2006; birth certificate and diplomas, passports and correspondence 1933-1981. Photographs consist of ca. 10 original prints.
- Date Range
- 1933-2006
- Reference Code
- M198 / V156
- Description Level
- 1 / Fonds
- GMD
- Photograph
- Photograph print
- Textual record
- Private record
- Part Of
- Harry J. Lines fonds
- Description Level
- 1 / Fonds
- Fonds Number
- M 198
- V 156
- Sous-Fonds
- M 198
- V 156
- Accession Number
- 7929 (unproc)
- Reference Code
- M198 / V156
- Date Range
- 1933-2006
- Physical Description
- 1 cm + 1 vol. textual records. -- ca.10 photographs: prints
- History / Biographical
- Harry Lines was born 1933 in London, England and served two years with the British National Service. Lines attended the City of Leeds Training College, 1959-1961 and Carnegie College of Physical Education, 1964-1965 before moving to Canada in 1968. Lines taught physical education at Hudson Bay School in Saskatchewan, in High River, Alberta and with the Banff School District at Banff Community High School from 1970 to 1981. He earned his Bachelor of Physical Education from the University of Calgary, Alberta in 1977. Lines was also a rugby coach and referee. Harry Lines died March 2006 in Banff, Alberta.
- Scope & Content
- Textual records include 1 vol. tribute book to Harry Lines, 2006; birth certificate and diplomas, passports and correspondence 1933-1981. Photographs consist of ca. 10 original prints.
- Name Access
- Lines, Harry J.
- Subject Access
- Education
- Sports, recreation and leisure
- Language
- Language is English
- Finding Aid
- No finding aid
- Creator
- Lines, Harry J.
- Category
- Education
- Sports, recreation and leisure
- Title Source
- Title based on contents of fonds
- Processing Status
- Unprocessed
This material is presented as originally created; it may contain outdated cultural descriptions and
potentially offensive content.
Read more.
Jean A. Hembroff MacDonald fonds
https://archives.whyte.org/en/permalink/descriptions54681
- Part Of
- Jean A. Hembroff MacDonald fonds
- Scope & Content
- Fonds consists of three sous-fonds: M573 / V797 / S60. M573 consists of three series, 26 cm of textual records, 1924-2005. Series I: Personal Papers, 19 cm, ca.1930-2005 (including notebooks and drafts of various talks that Jean delivered and records related to her participation in the Trail Rider…
- Date Range
- ca.1908-ca.2011
- Reference Code
- M573 / V797 / S60
- Description Level
- 1 / Fonds
- GMD
- Photograph
- Photograph print
- Private record
- Published record
- Newspaper clipping
- Transparency
- Textual record
- Sound recording
- Lantern slide
- Part Of
- Jean A. Hembroff MacDonald fonds
- Description Level
- 1 / Fonds
- Fonds Number
- M573 / V797 / S60
- Sous-Fonds
- M573
- V797
- S60
- Accession Number
- 2019.111
- Reference Code
- M573 / V797 / S60
- GMD
- Photograph
- Photograph print
- Private record
- Published record
- Newspaper clipping
- Transparency
- Textual record
- Sound recording
- Lantern slide
- Date Range
- ca.1908-ca.2011
- Physical Description
- 26 cm of textual records.-- 109 photographs (42 prints, 67 lantern slides). -- 2 sound recordings.
- History / Biographical
- Jean Alexandra Hembroff was born in Winnipeg, Manitoba on April 5, 1908 to Walter B. Hembroff (d. 1945) and Sarah Jane Hembroff (d.1952). Jean was accepted to the MacPhail School of Music and Dramatic Art at the University of Minnesota, from which she graduated in 1927. She returned to Winnipeg to begin teaching courses in speech arts and drama. To establish herself, she first volunteered as the "story lady" at the Williams Avenue Public Library and quickly became known as an excellent speaker sought by many different organizations. She taught at St. Mary's Academy and the Evening Institute at the University of Manitoba, as well as offered private sessions. Many of her students used the skills they learned from Jean as they entered radio, television, politics, and business. Jean was also very active in organizing and adjucating Speech Arts festivals in Manitoba, often going to inaccessible places to give workshops. Her teaching, broadcasting, adjucating, coaching, and speaking career spanned more than 50 years. Jean was hired by the Canadian Pacific Railway's promotions manager to give presentations and broadcast interviews across Canada and the United States. In 1937, Jean joined the Trail Riders of the Canadian Rockies and participated in their summer trail ride in the same year. For that year's issue of the Trail Rider's Bulletin Jean wrote an article - and became the first woman to ever do so. In 1938, during her lecture titled "Trail Riding in the Rockies" on January 18, 1938 at the Royal Alexandra Hotel, Jean met John David (Jack) MacDonald. Jack and Jean were married on June 18, 1938, and the couple had one son, Bruce Walter James MacDonald (August 28, 1946-August 25, 2016). Jean participated in several trail rides with the Trail Riders of the Canadian Rockies and the Sky Line Trail, and produced articles reflecting her experiences. Jean loved to travel and visited places all around Canada and the United States, Borneo, Tangier, Montevideo, Stockholm, New Delhi, and Tonga. At the age of 102, Jean passed away on February 2, 2011 and is buried in Winnipeg.
- Scope & Content
- Fonds consists of three sous-fonds: M573 / V797 / S60.
- M573 consists of three series, 26 cm of textual records, 1924-2005. Series I: Personal Papers, 19 cm, ca.1930-2005 (including notebooks and drafts of various talks that Jean delivered and records related to her participation in the Trail Riders of the Canadian Rockies and the Sky Line Hikers of the Canadian Rockies, particularly 1937-1939). Series II: Correspondence and Newspaper Clippings, 4 cm, 1924-2000 (including correspondence with John Murray Gibbon, former students, and attendees at various talks, as well as newspaper articles that Jean wrote about various subjects and articles of her achievements). Series III: Collected Materials and Ephemera, 3 cm, ca.1930-1950 (including a variety of collected poems and ephemera, as well as a copy of The Beaver Magazine from 1940, for which Jean wrote an article titled "On the Trail of Sir George").
- V797 consists of two series, 24.5 cm of visual records, ca.1928-1939. Series I: Photograph Prints, 3 cm, ca.1928-1939 (includes personal photographs of Jean and her family and friends as well as photographs of Jean and Jack's visit to Lake Louise in 1939). Series II: Lantern Slides, 21.5 cm, ca.1937-1939 (Trail Riders of the Canadian Rockies official ride of 1937 to Mt. Assiniboine; Sky Line Hikers of the Canadian Rockies official ride of 1939 to Ptarmigan Valley and Skoki; collection of trail ride songs).
- S60 consists of two sound recordings, 1 cm, 2004 and 2007 (Winnipeg at Christmas, narrated by Jean, broadcasted on the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation).
- Notes
- Lantern slides include wooden case.
- Name Access
- Hembroff MacDonald, Jean
- Subject Access
- Banff
- Banff National Park
- Camps
- Canadian Pacific Railway
- Discovery and travel
- Discovery and exploration
- Empress Hotel
- European travel
- Family and personal life
- Guides
- Hiking
- Horse packing
- Horses
- Horseback riding
- Kananaskis Ranch
- Lake Louise
- Lantern slide
- Mount Assiniboine
- Mountain
- Organizations
- Personal and Professional Life
- Photography
- Poetry
- Scenery
- Skyline Hikers of the Canadian Rockies
- Skyline Trail Hikers of the Canadian Rockies
- Sports and recreation
- Sunshine area
- Trails
- Trail guides
- Tourism
- Travel
- Travel and Exploration
- Trail Riders of the Canadian Rockies
- Women
- Geographic Access
- Assiniboine
- Alberta
- Banff
- Banff National Park
- British Columbia
- Canada
- Canadian Rocky Mountains
- Ireland
- Kananaskis Country
- Lake Louise
- Lake O'Hara
- Manitoba
- Mount Assiniboine
- Rocky Mountains
- Victoria
- West Indies
- Winnipeg
- Reproduction Restrictions
- Some restriction/s on access
- Copyright, privacy, commercial use and other restrictions may apply
- Language
- English
- Creator
- Hembroff MacDonald, Jean
- Biographical Source Notes
- Contents of the fonds
- https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/122854759/jean-alexandra-macdonald
- https://passages.winnipegfreepress.com/passage-details/id-174851/MACDONALD_JEAN
- https://www.dignitymemorial.com/obituaries/winnipeg-mb/bruce-macdonald-7064958
- Title Source
- Title based on contents of file
- Processing Status
- Processed
This material is presented as originally created; it may contain outdated cultural descriptions and
potentially offensive content.
Read more.
Maryalice Harvey Stewart fonds
https://archives.whyte.org/en/permalink/descriptions599
- Part Of
- Maryalice Harvey Stewart fonds
- Scope & Content
- Fonds consists of materials collected by, and pertaining to, Maryalice Harvey Stewart. Content includes daybooks, notebooks, correspondence and various notes collected by Maryalice during her time working as Director of the Archives of the Canadian Rockies (now the Whyte Museum of the Canadian Rock…
- Date Range
- 1939-2002, predominant 1965-2000
- Reference Code
- M9 / S13 / V605
- Description Level
- 1 / Fonds
- GMD
- Photograph
- Negative
- Photograph print
- Postcard
- Sound recording
- Cassette
- Reel to reel
- Textual record
- Private record
- Published record
- Part Of
- Maryalice Harvey Stewart fonds
- Description Level
- 1 / Fonds
- Fonds Number
- M 9
- S 13
- V 605
- Sous-Fonds
- M 9
- S 13
- V 605
- Accession Number
- 17, 88, 120, 1183, 1900, 1923, 2045, 2125, 2198, 2762, 3180, 3208, 3276, 7412, 2014.8266, 2014.8267, 2014.8310
- Reference Code
- M9 / S13 / V605
- GMD
- Photograph
- Negative
- Photograph print
- Postcard
- Sound recording
- Cassette
- Reel to reel
- Textual record
- Private record
- Published record
- Date Range
- 1939-2002, predominant 1965-2000
- Physical Description
- 49 photographs: prints, negatives. -- 1 m textual records. -- 60 sound recordings: 52 audio cassettes, 8 reels
- History / Biographical
- Maryalice Harvey Stewart, 1923-2001, was Director of the Archives of the Canadian Rockies (now Whyte Museum of the Canadian Rockies) at Banff, Alberta, Canada from 1965 to 1976. She continued to do historical projects and was known for her knowledge of Banff and Rocky Mountain history.
- Scope & Content
- Fonds consists of materials collected by, and pertaining to, Maryalice Harvey Stewart. Content includes daybooks, notebooks, correspondence and various notes collected by Maryalice during her time working as Director of the Archives of the Canadian Rockies (now the Whyte Museum of the Canadian Rockies Archives and Special Collections); research materials pertaining to the town of Banff, the Brewster family and other local subjects; personal interest materials, including cassette recordings of documentaries and lectures; personal materials, including correspondence, photographs, Maryalice's birth certificate, certifications and awards, and sheet music; and other related materials. Fonds consists of the following series and sub-series:
- Series I : Professional records Series I has two sub-series: I / A : Archives of the Canadian Rockies records (includes cataloguing cards, notes and other materials pertaining to Maryalice's role as Archivist/Director at the Archives of the Canadian Rockies between 1965-1976) I / B : Research and other professional records (includes Brewster family research notes, materials from various committees and organizations which Maryalice was involved in, documents related to an oral history project completed in 2000, professional correspondence, and related materials)
- Series II: Personal records (includes collected materials, personal interest materials, cassette recordings of documentaries and other subjects, sheet music, and various certificates and awards given to Maryalice).
- Name Access
- Stewart, Maryalice Harvey
- Subject Access
- Family and personal life
- Professional and Personal Life
- Awards
- Banff townsite
- Buildings and facilities
- Community events
- Community life
- Correspondence
- Education
- Entertainment
- Employment
- History
- Lecture
- Membership
- Museums
- Municipal views
- Music
- Newspaper
- Organizations
- Publication
- Record keeping
- Records
- Research
- Songs
- Geographic Access
- Banff
- Banff National Park
- Kootenay National Park
- Access Restrictions
- No restrictions on access
- Copyright, privacy, commercial use and other restrictions may apply
- Language
- Language is English
- Finding Aid
- Finding aids and reference tools: basic description
- Related Material
- S23 / II / B (National Park Wardens oral history project conducted by Maryalice Harvey Stewart)
- Creator
- Stewart, Maryalice Harvey
- Category
- Family and personal life
- Title Source
- Title based on accession records
- Processing Status
- Processed
This material is presented as originally created; it may contain outdated cultural descriptions and
potentially offensive content.
Read more.
Patrick Fuller fonds
https://archives.whyte.org/en/permalink/descriptions637
- Part Of
- Patrick Fuller fonds
- Scope & Content
- Fonds consists of scrapbook pages with photographs (b&w), film, transparencies, school records, professional papers, bound math book and "Highway Handbook," a suede writing case, school pins and ring, 3 school achievement medals, and a leather case with slide ruler.
- Date Range
- 1928-2007
- Reference Code
- M207 / V201
- Description Level
- 1 / Fonds
- GMD
- Photograph
- Photograph print
- Transparency
- Textual record
- Private record
- Published record
- Scrapbook
- Part Of
- Patrick Fuller fonds
- Description Level
- 1 / Fonds
- Fonds Number
- M 207
- V 201
- Sous-Fonds
- M 207
- V 201
- Accession Number
- 7965 (unproc), 2014.8272 (unproc)
- Reference Code
- M207 / V201
- GMD
- Photograph
- Photograph print
- Transparency
- Textual record
- Private record
- Published record
- Scrapbook
- Date Range
- 1928-2007
- Physical Description
- 33 cm of textual records, 5 objects
- History / Biographical
- Patrick Edward John Fuller, 1928-2007, was born and raised in Banff, Alberta. Fuller attended high school in Banff and graduated from the University of Alberta in 1951, earning a number of academic awards and scholarships. In 1965 he married Catherine Collier. Fuller worked for the Lands and Development Services Branch of the Department of Mines and Resources doing highway reconnaissance and preliminary and construction surveys in the Rocky Mountains, 1945-1947. Fuller also worked as a geophysicist for Shell Canada.
- Scope & Content
- Fonds consists of scrapbook pages with photographs (b&w), film, transparencies, school records, professional papers, bound math book and "Highway Handbook," a suede writing case, school pins and ring, 3 school achievement medals, and a leather case with slide ruler.
- Name Access
- Fuller, Patrick
- Subject Access
- Education
- Community life
- Sports, recreation and leisure
- Language
- Language is English
- Finding Aid
- box list for unprocessed material
- Creator
- Fuller, Patrick
- Biographical Source Notes
- Records, obituary notice
- Title Source
- Title based on contents of fonds
- Processing Status
- Unprocessed
This material is presented as originally created; it may contain outdated cultural descriptions and
potentially offensive content.
Read more.
Peter and Catharine Whyte Foundation fonds
https://archives.whyte.org/en/permalink/descriptions313
- Scope & Content
- Fonds consists of administrative and operational records of the Peter and Catharine Whyte Foundation and the Whyte Museum of the Canadian Rockies. Textual records: 1. Board of Trustees; 2. Administration; 3. Archives; 4. Gallery; 5. Heritage collections; 6. Photography. Photographs: A. Foundation b…
- Date Range
- [after 1958]
- Reference Code
- M124 / S38 / V692
- Description Level
- 1 / Fonds
- GMD
- Motion picture
- Video
- Photograph
- Negative
- Photograph print
- Transparency
- Map
- Plan
- Sound recording
- Cassette
- Recording disc
- Textual record
- Corporate record
- Description Level
- 1 / Fonds
- Fonds Number
- M 124
- S 38
- V 692
- Sous-Fonds
- M 124
- S 38
- V 692
- Accession Number
- 429, 1010, 1415, 1464, 1488, 1558, 1567, 1609, 1856, 1879, 1919, 2043, 2471, 2803, 2810, 2968, 3068, 3112, 3123, 3149, 3228, 3291, 3372, 3438, 3499, 3702, 3840, 4062, 4089, 4092, 5102, 5161, 5180, 5344, 5422, 5489, 5685, 5806, 6162, 6495, 6694, 6915, 7263, 7317 (unproc), 7763 (unproc)
- Reference Code
- M124 / S38 / V692
- GMD
- Motion picture
- Video
- Photograph
- Negative
- Photograph print
- Transparency
- Map
- Plan
- Sound recording
- Cassette
- Recording disc
- Textual record
- Corporate record
- Date Range
- [after 1958]
- Physical Description
- ca.6.0 m textual records. -- ca.12,500 photographs: prints, transparencies, negatives. -- 13 sound recordings: 6 audio cassettes, 7 audio compact disc (copy of 2 audio cassettes). -- 7 video tape recording: 1 VHS, 6 DVD. -- 1 cartographic record: survey site plan: 1:250
- History / Biographical
- The Peter and Catharine Whyte Foundation is a charitable, non-profit organization that operates the Whyte Museum of the Canadian Rockies in Banff, Alberta, Canada. The Wa-Che-Yo-Cha-Pa Foundation, as the foundation was initially named, was founded and endowed by artists Peter and Catharine Whyte in 1958. It supported broad causes as well as acting as an agency for collecting and preserving cultural materials of the Canadian Rockies.
- In 1968, a building designed by Philippe Delesalle and known as the Archives of the Canadian Rockies opened at 111 Bear Street in Banff, providing accommodation for a regional archives, gallery and the Banff Library. After a major renovation and addition in 1993, the foundation now supports three collection and exhibition departments under the name of the Whyte Museum of the Canadian Rockies: Archives and Library, Art Gallery and Heritage Collection.
- Geographic collecting limits of the museum are the mountainous areas of Canada bounded by the 49th Parallel on the south, the Peace River on the north, the Front Ranges of the Rocky Mountains on the east and the Columbia Mountains on the west.
- Scope & Content
- Fonds consists of administrative and operational records of the Peter and Catharine Whyte Foundation and the Whyte Museum of the Canadian Rockies.
- Textual records: 1. Board of Trustees; 2. Administration; 3. Archives; 4. Gallery; 5. Heritage collections; 6. Photography.
- Photographs: A. Foundation buildings; B. Gallery exhibition installation shots (negatives only); C. Events and guests (including Banff Day, gallery openings, special events and guests); D. Displays (inside and outside of the museum); E. Publicity and publication (includes views produced for this purpose); F. General (mainly people, places and events in Banff and area; includes photographs produced by Museum staff not included in other series). Photographs were made by staff of the Whyte Foundation, private photographers, and others.
- Three sound recordings were made for research purposes during the course of Gallery operations; pertain to Ann Wheeler, David Settles and Peter Whyte art and exhibit. Other sound recording is of Grant MacEwan talk at the Whyte Museum, December 1993; recorded by Woody MacPhail. Video recording is of Banff Day 1997 by Eddie Hunter. 2 audio cassettes are a recording of the Clifford Jackson White memorial service held September 13, 2003 hosted by the Whyte Museum of the Canadian Rockies.
- Six sound and video recordings were made as part of the Fireside Chats at the Whyte program. These oral histories were conducted before a live audience at the historic Crosby home, Abegweit during the years 2012-2014. Interviews with Rob Crosby, Dorothy Carleton, Ralphine Locke, Don Mickle, Bridget Jones, Fran Drummond.
- Cartographic materials include a site plan of lots 7-12, Block A, Plan 6719 B.C., November, 2000.
- Name Access
- Whyte, Catharine
- Whyte, Peter
- Subject Access
- Arts
- Peter and Catharine Whyte Foundation
- Access Restrictions
- Access and use restricted
- Language
- Language is English
- Finding Aid
- Finding aids and reference tools: basic description
- Related Material
- A CD-R copy of the Clifford Jackson memorial service with program notes and a transcript of a speech by Bill Holmes is located in the Clifford Jackson White fonds.
- Category
- Arts
- Cultural pluralism
- Education
- Environment
- Family and personal life
- Exploration, discovery and travel
- Commerce and industry
- Title Source
- Title based on contents of fonds
- Content Details
- Note: March 16, 2023: Foundation Records were processed up to 2008 by Ted Hart in 2010-2011. The unprocessed records are stored off-site and there is no inventory. Some Art Department exhibition records prior to 2008 were inadvertently missed and remain in unprocessed. The file level descriptions prepared by Ted Hart are not in the database, however the inventory is located in the ArchivalMaster file for textual and sound, and ArchivalMaster2 for visual. Some records, including oversize have been added to the database, but it isn't consistent. O:\m_textual\m124_foundation_records_archivalmaster ; R:\v_visual\v692_foundation_records_archivalmaster. Access is restricted unless authorized by Head of Archives and Special Collections, CEO or CFO, or Head of applicable department.
- Processing Status
- Processed / Unprocessed
This material is presented as originally created; it may contain outdated cultural descriptions and
potentially offensive content.
Read more.
Ron Duke fonds
https://archives.whyte.org/en/permalink/descriptions166
- Part Of
- Ron Duke fonds
- Scope & Content
- Fonds is a commercial negative collection from more than 4000 professional jobs. Includes family, personal and school portraits, weddings, conventions and passport photographs; Banff School of Fine Arts classes, activities, productions, business and convention programs; photographs of government a…
- Date Range
- [ca.1900, ca.1930-ca.1975]
- Reference Code
- M175 / V180
- Description Level
- 1 / Fonds
- GMD
- Photograph
- Album
- Negative
- Photograph print
- Transparency
- Textual record
- Postcard
- Private record
- Published record
- Part Of
- Ron Duke fonds
- Description Level
- 1 / Fonds
- Fonds Number
- M 175
- V 180
- Sous-Fonds
- M 175
- V 180
- Accession Number
- 168, 232, 1572, 1593, 1644, 1868, 2626, 3379, 5772
- Reference Code
- M175 / V180
- GMD
- Photograph
- Album
- Negative
- Photograph print
- Transparency
- Textual record
- Postcard
- Private record
- Published record
- Responsibility
- Fonds includes primarily the private business records of Ron Duke, including the work of some predecessors. Images attributed to Bill Jamieson, working in the employ of George Noble, are V180 / II.A.i. through V180 / II.A.vi., and V180 / III.A.- 1 to 51.
- Date Range
- [ca.1900, ca.1930-ca.1975]
- Physical Description
- ca.40,000 photographs (ca.38,400 negatives, ca.800 prints, ca.800 transparencies). -- 1 photograph album. -- 3 cm of textual records
- History / Biographical
- Ronald Leslie Duke, 1912-1978, was a professional photographer at Banff, Alberta, Canada. Born in Calgary, Alberta, Duke was educated at Calgary, Banff and the University of Washington in Seattle, USA. After wartime service with the National Film Board of Canada, Ron Duke returned to Banff, where he worked in the photography business for the next thirty years. Here he formed a link in a business lineage of photographers, including George Noble, and was for a time an employee of Noble's corporate successors. After 1958, Duke worked closely with the Banff School of Fine Arts, photographing productions and providing documentary services. After sustaining considerable damage in a fire which destroyed Banff's Mount Royal Hotel in 1967, Ron Duke's business resumed and, in partnership with George Baracos, continued until retirement in 1975.
- Scope & Content
- Fonds is a commercial negative collection from more than 4000 professional jobs. Includes family, personal and school portraits, weddings, conventions and passport photographs; Banff School of Fine Arts classes, activities, productions, business and convention programs; photographs of government and private construction, commercial and industrial projects, Banff National Park; Banff community life, including Banff Winter Carnival, sports and recreation, Banff High School, Banff activities, places and events; personal and occupational photographs arising from Duke's interest in aeronautics, work with the Canadian Army, World War II, and involvement in the oil industry, 1930s; scenic and landscape photographs. Most pertain to Banff National Park; also Vancouver, British Columbia; Seattle, United States; Turner Valley, Alberta and Prince Albert, Saskatchewan.
- Textual records include job registers, 2 v.; samples of works orders, price lists, letters, equipment lists, invoices, receipts and technical information, mainly pertaining to business, some personal items; brochures, publications and postcards containing credited or attributed Ron Duke photographs.
- Name Access
- Duke, Ron
- Subject Access
- Arts
- Buildings and facilities
- Community life
- Commerce and industry
- Education
- Family and personal life
- Access Restrictions
- Some restriction/s on access
- Copyright, privacy, commercial use and other restrictions may apply
- Language
- Language is English
- Finding Aid
- Finding aids and reference tools: series and file description
- electronic finding aid
- Creator
- Duke, Ron
- Title Source
- Title based on accession records and contents of fonds
- Processing Status
- Processed
This material is presented as originally created; it may contain outdated cultural descriptions and
potentially offensive content.
Read more.